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Air Temperature as a Key Indicator of Avocado (Cvs. Fuerte, Zutano, Hass) Maturation Time in Mediterranean Climate Areas: The Case of Western Crete in Greece

Author

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  • Thiresia-Teresa Tzatzani

    (Subtropical Plants & Tissue Culture Laboratory/Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO Dimitra), P.C. 73134 Chania, Greece)

  • Giasemi Morianou

    (Water Recourses-Irrigation & Environmental Geoinformatics Laboratory/ Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO Dimitra), P.C. 73134 Chania, Greece)

  • Safiye Tül

    (Subtropical Plants & Tissue Culture Laboratory/Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO Dimitra), P.C. 73134 Chania, Greece)

  • Nektarios N. Kourgialas

    (Water Recourses-Irrigation & Environmental Geoinformatics Laboratory/ Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization (ELGO Dimitra), P.C. 73134 Chania, Greece)

Abstract

Avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) is a tropical fruit that has gained immense popularity worldwide due to its unique flavor, nutritional value, and numerous health benefits. The growth and maturation of avocados are influenced by various environmental and climatic factors. Temperature is one of the most critical factors, as it plays a significant role in various physiological processes of this fruit. This study aimed to investigate the effect of air temperature on avocado development and assess the harvest maturity period (determined by the dry matter content) of Fuerte, Zutano, and Hass, the most common avocado varieties, grown in Western Crete, Greece. Fruit samples collected from avocado orchards in five regions of Western Crete were subjected to dry matter analysis during the ripening period for the years 2017 to 2022. Maturation time is determined based on the EU regulation for dry matter concentration. The results of this study revealed that dry matter concentration can be affected by both very high summer temperatures and low temperatures during the ripening period. Specifically, high temperatures during the summer months can have a significant impact on avocado development and result in a reduced dry matter concentration. On the other hand, low temperatures during the maturation stage can slow down enzymatic activity and metabolic processes, resulting in delayed ripening and a prolonged time to reach optimal maturity. This delay in maturation and reduced dry matter concentration can significantly affect the harvest timing, as growers may need to wait for the avocados to develop the desired characteristics before they can be harvested. Our findings are the first data on avocado maturation (dry matter concentration) in relation to temperature and provide valuable insights into harvest maturity period of avocado cultivation in Crete and other regions with similar Mediterranean climatic conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Thiresia-Teresa Tzatzani & Giasemi Morianou & Safiye Tül & Nektarios N. Kourgialas, 2023. "Air Temperature as a Key Indicator of Avocado (Cvs. Fuerte, Zutano, Hass) Maturation Time in Mediterranean Climate Areas: The Case of Western Crete in Greece," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-10, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:7:p:1342-:d:1185192
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kourgialas, Nektarios N. & Dokou, Zoi, 2021. "Water management and salinity adaptation approaches of Avocado trees: A review for hot-summer Mediterranean climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    2. Belén Cárceles Rodríguez & Víctor Hugo Durán Zuazo & Dionisio Franco Tarifa & Simón Cuadros Tavira & Pedro Cermeño Sacristan & Iván Francisco García-Tejero, 2023. "Irrigation Alternatives for Avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) in the Mediterranean Subtropical Region in the Context of Climate Change: A Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-27, May.
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