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Digital Twins and Data-Driven in Plant Factory: An Online Monitoring Method for Vibration Evaluation and Transplanting Quality Analysis

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  • Kaikang Chen

    (Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, China
    National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Yanwei Yuan

    (National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Bo Zhao

    (National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Liming Zhou

    (National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Kang Niu

    (National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Xin Jin

    (College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China)

  • Shengbo Gao

    (National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Ruoshi Li

    (College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China)

  • Hao Guo

    (College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China)

  • Yongjun Zheng

    (Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, China)

Abstract

The plant factory transplanter is a key component of the plant factory system. Its operation status directly affects the quality and survival rate of planted seedlings, which in turn affects the overall yield and economic efficiency. To monitor the operation status and transplanting quality of a transplanting machine in a timely manner, the primary task is to use a computerized and easy-to-use method to monitor the transplanting units. Inspired by the latest developments in augmented reality and robotics, a digital twin model-based and data-driven online monitoring method for plant factory transplanting equipment is proposed. First, a data-driven and virtual model approach is combined to construct a multi-domain digital twin of the transplanting equipment. Then, taking the vibration frequency domain signal above the transplanting manipulator and the image features of the transplanting seedling tray as input variables, the evaluation method and configuration method of the plant factory transplanter digital twin system are proposed. Finally, the effect of the transplanter is evaluated, and the cycle can be repeated to optimize the transplanter to achieve optimal operation parameters. The results show that the digital twin model can effectively use the sensor data to identify the mechanical vibration characteristics and avoid affecting transplanting quality due to mechanical resonance. At a transplanting rate of 3000 plants/h, the transplanting efficiency can be maintained at a high level and the vibration signal of the X, Y, and Z-axis above the transplanting manipulator is relatively calm. In this case, Combined the optimal threshold method with the traditional Wiener algorithm, the identification rate of healthy potted seedlings can reach 94.3%. Through comprehensively using the optimal threshold method and 3D block matching filtering algorithm for image threshold segmentation and denoising, the recognition rate of healthy seedlings has reached over 96.10%. In addition, the developed digital twin can predict the operational efficiency and optimal timing of the detected transplanter, even if the environmental and sensor data are not included in the training. The proposed digital twin model can be used for damage detection and operational effectiveness assessment of other plant factory equipment structures.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaikang Chen & Yanwei Yuan & Bo Zhao & Liming Zhou & Kang Niu & Xin Jin & Shengbo Gao & Ruoshi Li & Hao Guo & Yongjun Zheng, 2023. "Digital Twins and Data-Driven in Plant Factory: An Online Monitoring Method for Vibration Evaluation and Transplanting Quality Analysis," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:6:p:1165-:d:1160057
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Verdouw, Cor & Tekinerdogan, Bedir & Beulens, Adrie & Wolfert, Sjaak, 2021. "Digital twins in smart farming," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
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