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A Novel Approach for the Simulation of Reference Evapotranspiration and Its Partitioning

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  • Pei Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Jingjing Ma

    (State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Juanjuan Ma

    (State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Haitao Sun

    (State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Qi Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

Abstract

To estimate the irrigation volume required for agriculture and improve water resources utilization efficiency, it is essential to obtain an estimate of reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) and its components (e.g., reference transpiration, T 0 and reference soil evaporation, E 0 ). This study updated a soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) evapotranspiration model and its associated components to obtain a reference-based SPAC model of reference evapotranspiration (R-SPAC), and it applied the model to an agricultural ecosystem. Model simulations of mean hourly ET 0 were benchmarked against those of the Penman-Monteith method by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO-PM) throughout the growing season. The resulting good correlation obtained (R 2 = 0.96, agreement index, I = 0.98, root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) = 0.05 mm h −1 ) validated the accuracy of the R-SPAC model. Sensitivity analysis was used to explore uncertainties and errors for ET 0 , T 0 , and E 0 caused by input variables. The results showed that net radiation and shortwave radiation at the study site were the main drivers of ET 0 for both the FAO-PM and R-SPAC models. The study showed that the proposed R-SPAC model can be used for predicting ET 0 and for exploring interactions between climate, crop type, and soil in determining evapotranspiration under various future environment conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Pei Wang & Jingjing Ma & Juanjuan Ma & Haitao Sun & Qi Chen, 2021. "A Novel Approach for the Simulation of Reference Evapotranspiration and Its Partitioning," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:11:y:2021:i:5:p:385-:d:542724
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Tianxin & Melton, Forrest S. & Pôças, Isabel & Johnson, Lee F. & Thao, Touyee & Post, Kirk & Cassel-Sharma, Florence, 2021. "Evaluation of crop coefficient and evapotranspiration data for sugar beets from landsat surface reflectances using micrometeorological measurements and weighing lysimetry," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    2. Pereira, L.S. & Paredes, P. & Melton, F. & Johnson, L. & Wang, T. & López-Urrea, R. & Cancela, J.J. & Allen, R.G., 2020. "Prediction of crop coefficients from fraction of ground cover and height. Background and validation using ground and remote sensing data," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    3. Pei Wang & Tsutomu Yamanaka & Guo Yu Qiu, 2012. "Causes of decreased reference evapotranspiration and pan evaporation in the Jinghe River catchment, northern China," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 32(1), pages 1-10, March.
    4. Pôças, I. & Calera, A. & Campos, I. & Cunha, M., 2020. "Remote sensing for estimating and mapping single and basal crop coefficientes: A review on spectral vegetation indices approaches," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Zehai Gao & Dongzhe Yang & Baojun Li & Zijun Gao & Chengcheng Li, 2025. "Reference Crop Evapotranspiration Prediction Based on Gated Recurrent Unit with Quantum Inspired Multi-head Self-attention Mechanism," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 39(3), pages 1481-1501, February.

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