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Organic Cropping System Affects Grain Chemical Composition, Rheological and Agronomic Performance of Durum Wheat

Author

Listed:
  • Gaetano Pandino

    (Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • Emanuela Mattiolo

    (Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • Sara Lombardo

    (Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • Grazia Maria Lombardo

    (Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy)

  • Giovanni Mauromicale

    (Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (D i 3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy)

Abstract

Durum wheat plays a central role for Italy, a country characterized by an historical tradition of pasta making. This crop is one of the major sources of starch in the Mediterranean diet, also providing substantial amounts of nutrients, either essential or healthy, such as minerals and phytochemicals. In this study, the effect of cropping system (organic (ORG) and conventional (CONV)) on the content of proteins, wet gluten, minerals, and total polyphenols (TPC), as well as on the antioxidant activity (AA) and yield characteristics were evaluated in nine genotypes of whole durum wheat. The analysis of variance confirmed the key role of cropping system, which explained more than 50% of the total variation for some minerals (Na, K, and Fe), and more than 80% for proteins, wet gluten, and TPC. The CONV reported the highest levels of proteins, wet gluten, and ash, whereas the TPC and AA were statistically higher in the ORG ones. The quality traits under study were also genotype dependent. For instance, ‘Ramirez’ had a higher ash content under ORG than CONV, while ‘Core’ had an opposite behavior. This study provides a better understanding about the effect of both cropping system (ORG vs. CONV) and genotype on the yield and qualitative traits of the whole grain durum wheat.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaetano Pandino & Emanuela Mattiolo & Sara Lombardo & Grazia Maria Lombardo & Giovanni Mauromicale, 2020. "Organic Cropping System Affects Grain Chemical Composition, Rheological and Agronomic Performance of Durum Wheat," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:2:p:46-:d:322780
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Vladan Ugrenović & Vera Popović & Milan Ugrinović & Vladimir Filipović & Ksenija Mačkić & Nataša Ljubičić & Slobodan Popović & Željko Lakić, 2021. "Black Oat ( Avena strigosa Schreb.) Ontogenesis and Agronomic Performance in Organic Cropping System and Pannonian Environments," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Sara Lombardo & Aurelio Scavo & Cristina Abbate & Gaetano Pandino & Bruno Parisi & Giovanni Mauromicale, 2021. "Mycorrhizal Inoculation Improves Mineral Content of Organic Potatoes Grown under Calcareous Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Magdaléna Lacko-Bartošová & Lucia Lacko-Bartošová & Petr Konvalina, 2021. "Wheat rheological and Mixolab quality in relation to cropping systems and plant nutrition sources," Czech Journal of Food Sciences, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 39(4), pages 265-272.

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