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How powerful is monetary policy in the long run?

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  • Marco A. Espinosa-Vega

Abstract

This article reexamines the view that monetary policy affects real (inflation-adjusted) economic variables in the short run but that its powers fade quickly in the long run (that is, that money is long-run superneutral). This view relies on the assumption that monetary policy can have real effects only via \"money illusion.\" However, if monetary policy can affect real economic activity by other means then it may be possible for money to be nonsuperneutral in the long run. ; The author reviews a small sample of the growing academic literature that studies models in which money may not be long-run superneutral. A message of this line of research is that in assessing the economic impact of alternative policies, monetary economists may have spent too much time trying to forge direct links between changes in monetary policy and the unemployment rate. By linking monetary policy with the supply and demand of credit, the models reviewed here can study an alternative mechanism for evaluating the long-run effects of monetary policy that does not rely on money surprises. The results reported in this literature indicate that monetary policy may be a great deal more powerful than most academic economists believe. Thus, this article challenges economists and policymakers to devote more attention to investigating alternative explanations for the real effects of monetary policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco A. Espinosa-Vega, 1998. "How powerful is monetary policy in the long run?," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 83(Q 3), pages 12-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedaer:y:1998:i:q3:p:12-31:n:v.83no.3
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    File URL: https://www.frbatlanta.org/-/media/documents/research/publications/economic-review/1998/vol83no3_espinosa.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Mallick, Sushanta K. & Sousa, Ricardo M., 2013. "The real effects of financial stress in the Eurozone," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 1-17.
    2. Jan Frait & Luboš Komárek, 2006. "Půlstoletí vývoje světových peněz [Half a century of the world money development]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2006(3), pages 307-325.
    3. Mogaji, Peter Kehinde, 2023. "Long Run Money Superneutrality Evaluation of the Relevance of Money in Africa: An ARDL Approach," MPRA Paper 120181, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Sep 2023.
    4. Gottschalk, Jan, 2002. "Keynesian and monetarist views on the German unemployment problem: theory and evidence," Kiel Working Papers 1096, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    5. Jan Gottschalk & Susanne Bröck, 2000. "Inflationsprognosen für den Euro-Raum: wie gut sind P*-Modelle?," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 69(1), pages 69-89.
    6. Franz R. Hahn & Peter Mooslechner, 1999. "Zur Fundierung des Designs des Europäischen Zentralbanksystems," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 72(1), pages 49-60, January.
    7. Cover, James P. & Mallick, Sushanta K., 2012. "Identifying sources of macroeconomic and exchange rate fluctuations in the UK," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 1627-1648.

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    Keywords

    Monetary policy; Monetary theory;

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