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Análisis regional de los grupos discriminados en el empleo informal en México

Author

Listed:
  • David Robles Ortiz

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

  • Juan Marroquín Arreola

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Abstract

Objetivo. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar, desde una perspectiva regional, cuáles grupos históricamente discriminados en México presentan una mayor propensión a incorporarse al mercado laboral informal, con el fin de visibilizar las desigualdades estructurales que persisten en el acceso a empleos formales. Método. Mediante análisis de microdatos de la ENADIS (2022) y modelos dicotómicos tipo Logit, se estima la probabilidad de inserción en el empleo informal para cada uno de los grupos, considerando las particularidades regionales del país. Resultados. se observa que los adultos mayores son más propensos a integrarse a la informalidad laboral en México, seguidos de las personas indígenas y afrodescendientes, con probabilidades del 77% y 68% respectivamente. Limitaciones. El estudio únicamente examina siete grupos identificados como sujetos de discriminación según la Encuesta Nacional de Discriminación ENADIS 2022: personas con diversidad religiosa, diversidad étnica (pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes), adolescentes, adultos mayores, personas con discapacidad, migrantes y mujeres. Principales hallazgos. Al analizar las razones de probabilidad, se estima que, en la región Norte, la probabilidad de que los adultos mayores laboren en la informalidad es tres veces mayor en comparación con otros grupos, mientras que en la región Centro-Norte, la relación es de 2 a 1.

Suggested Citation

  • David Robles Ortiz & Juan Marroquín Arreola, 2025. "Análisis regional de los grupos discriminados en el empleo informal en México," Ensayos Revista de Economía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, vol. 44(2), pages 209-234, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:ere:journl:v:44:y:2025:i:2:id:327
    DOI: 10.29105/ensayos44.2-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jaime Lara & Marla Cruz Yedra & Diana V. Moyeda López & Adriana Prats Molina & José A. Tellez Muñoz, 2020. "Migración rural urbana e informalidad en las zonas metropolitanas de México. Una estimación de corto plazo," Estudios Económicos, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos, vol. 35(2), pages 297-329.
    2. Cramer,J. S., 2011. "Logit Models from Economics and Other Fields," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521188036, June.
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