Machine Learning in Pattern Recognition

Supervised or unsupervised classification is the main objective of pattern recognition. The statistical approach is the most popular approach that is practised among the several frameworks where pattern recognition is initially formulated. In the recent past, the neural network technique and the methodology scheme from the statistical learning theory have garnered the attention of people. It requires proper attention to deal with the design of the recognition system. There are several issues associated with the design of the recognition system. They are the pattern class definition, sensing environment and representation extraction and selection of features, cluster analysis, classifier design, learning, and choosing the training and test samples. There is no solution to the general issue of recognizing complex patterns associated with arbitrary patterns. Data mining, web searching, and retrieval of multimedia are the various emerging applications that require proper and effective regulation techniques. The main purpose of this paper is to give a detailed overview of the various methods that can be used in the different stages of the pattern recognition system. The paper also aims to figure out the research topics in the application that can be highlighted in this challenging field.