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Corporate governance, globalization and firm performance in emerging economies

Author

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  • Neha Saini
  • Monica Singhania

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine relationship between corporate governance (CG) and firm performance for a set of 255 foreign-funded firms in the form of foreign direct investment (FDI) and private equity (PE). The authors employ a wide range of CG measures including board size, meetings, board gender and foreign ownership which are used as the proxy of globalisation and control variables like firm age, leverage, firm size and capital expenditure to arrive at a conclusion. Design/methodology/approach - Panel data set of 255 (187 companies funded by foreign capital in the form of FDI, and 68 companies having foreign capital in the form PE) companies listed on Bombay Stock Exchange, for the period of eight years (2008–2015) are analysed by using static (fixed and random effects) and dynamic (generalised method of moments (GMM)) panel data specifications to examine the relationship among CG, globalisation and firm performance. Findings - The empirical results of static model indicate the relationship between CG and performance of foreign firms, which are not very strong in India. This is due to the fact that most of the firms are not following the guidelines and regulations strictly in the initial period of sample years. Diversity in board is found as an important variable in accessing firm performance. And the authors also found that foreign firms are very particular about the implementation of CG norms. The results of GMM model highlight the interaction term of foreign ownership with governance indicators. CG is having a positive and significant impact over performance, inferring that higher foreign ownership (in the form of FDI and PE) in firm leading to positive effect on profitability. Practical implications - The investor’s preference of financing a unit is guided by the performance of a firm. Investors are more inclined towards high-performing firms, and hence higher profitability leads to higher inflow of capital. The result indicates that higher accounting and market performance may be achieved by good governance practices, in turn, leading to reduced agency costs. Countries with high governance scores attract more of foreign capital. Similar to the best governed countries, the companies having good governance practices attract more foreign inflows in the form of capital. Originality/value - While previous literature considered a single measurement framework in the form of a CG index, the authors tried to incorporate a range of CG indicators to study the effect of globalisation and CG on firm performance. The authors segregated foreign-owned funds into two parts, especially FDI and PE. This paper examined heterogeneity in the form of FDI-funded and PE-funded firms, as no prior literature is available which has evaluated different sets of foreign funds simultaneously on CG.

Suggested Citation

  • Neha Saini & Monica Singhania, 2018. "Corporate governance, globalization and firm performance in emerging economies," International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 67(8), pages 1310-1333, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:eme:ijppmp:ijppm-04-2017-0091
    DOI: 10.1108/IJPPM-04-2017-0091
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Chengpeng Zhu & Muhammad Husnain & Saif Ullah & Muhammad Tasnim Khan & Waris Ali, 2022. "Gender Diversity and Firms’ Sustainable Performance: Moderating Role of CEO Duality in Emerging Equity Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-26, June.
    2. Al-ahdal, Waleed M. & Alsamhi, Mohammed H. & Tabash, Mosab I. & Farhan, Najib H.S., 2020. "The impact of corporate governance on financial performance of Indian and GCC listed firms: An empirical investigation," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    3. Singhania, Monica & Saini, Neha, 2021. "Demystifying pollution haven hypothesis: Role of FDI," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 516-528.
    4. Sudam Shingade & Shailesh Rastogi & Venkata Mrudula Bhimavarapu & Abhijit Chirputkar, 2022. "Shareholder Activism and Its Impact on Profitability, Return, and Valuation of the Firms in India," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, March.
    5. Ana Beatriz Hernández-Lara & Juan Pablo Gonzales-Bustos & Amado Alarcón-Alarcón, 2021. "Social Sustainability on Corporate Boards: The Effects of Female Family Members on R&D," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-13, February.
    6. Suchismita Ghosh & Ritu Pareek & Tarak Nath Sahu, 2023. "U‐shaped relationship between environmental performance and financial performance of non‐financial companies: An empirical assessment," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(4), pages 1805-1815, July.
    7. Narsa Goud Neralla, 2022. "Can corporate governance structure effect on corporate performance: an empirical investigation from Indian companies," International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(3), pages 282-300, September.
    8. Ebrahim Mohammed Al-Matari & Mahfoudh Hussein Mgammal & Mushari Hamdan Alosaimi & Talal Fawzi Alruwaili & Sultan Al-Bogami, 2022. "Fintech, Board of Directors and Corporate Performance in Saudi Arabia Financial Sector: Empirical Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-23, August.
    9. Waleed M. Al-ahdal & Faozi A. Almaqtari & Mosab I. Tabash & Abdulwahid Abdullah Hashed & Ali T. Yahya, 2023. "Corporate Governance Practices and Firm Performance in Emerging Markets: Empirical Insights from India and Gulf Countries," Vision, , vol. 27(4), pages 526-537, August.

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