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Adiabatic fixed-bed gasification of coal, dairy biomass, and feedlot biomass using an air–steam mixture as an oxidizing agent

Author

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  • Gordillo, Gerardo
  • Annamalai, Kalyan
  • Carlin, Nicholas

Abstract

Concentrated animal feeding operations, such as cattle feedlots and dairies, produce a large amount of manure, cattle biomass (CB), which can be included as renewable feedstock for locally based gasification for syngas (CO and H2) production and subsequent use in power generation. Experimental results on effects of bed temperature and gas composition on the higher heating value (HHV) and energy recovery are presented for dairy biomass (DB) gasification using air and air–steam as oxidizers. Some experimental data are compared with adiabatic gasification modeling which includes atom balance conservation for assumed product species and chemical equilibrium analysis. Wyoming sub-bituminous coal (WYC) and Texas Lignite coal (TXL) are used as standard fuels for comparison purposes in modeling studies. Two main parameters are investigated in this study. One is the modified equivalence ratio (ERM) defined as the ratio of stochiometric oxygen to total oxygen supplied in the oxidizing mixture of air and steam. The second is a measure of how much steam is in the oxidizer and is called the air steam ratio (ASTR), which is defined as the ratio of oxygen supplied in the air to the total oxygen supplied in the oxidizer. The results suggested that gasification of CB and coals under higher ERM yield elevated concentrations of CO and CH4, and low percentages of H2 and CO2, while higher ASTRs (less steam) produced mixtures poor in H2, CO2, and CH4 and rich in CO with lower HHV. It was also found that FB and DB produced higher amounts of H2 than WYC and TXL under the same ERM and ASTR.

Suggested Citation

  • Gordillo, Gerardo & Annamalai, Kalyan & Carlin, Nicholas, 2009. "Adiabatic fixed-bed gasification of coal, dairy biomass, and feedlot biomass using an air–steam mixture as an oxidizing agent," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2789-2797.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:34:y:2009:i:12:p:2789-2797
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2009.06.004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Young, Lincoln & Pian, Carlson C.P., 2003. "High-temperature, air-blown gasification of dairy-farm wastes for energy production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(7), pages 655-672.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Wei & Annamalai, Kalyan & Ansley, R. James & Mirik, Mustafa, 2012. "Updraft fixed bed gasification of mesquite and juniper wood samples," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 454-461.
    2. Gai, Chao & Dong, Yuping & Zhang, Tonghui, 2014. "Distribution of sulfur species in gaseous and condensed phase during downdraft gasification of corn straw," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 248-258.
    3. Zhang, Ziyin & Pang, Shusheng & Levi, Tana, 2017. "Influence of AAEM species in coal and biomass on steam co-gasification of chars of blended coal and biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 356-363.
    4. Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul & Hummel, Rita L. & Liao, Wei & Ma, Jingwei & Jensen, Jim & Kruger, Chad & Frear, Craig, 2017. "Approaches for adding value to anaerobically digested dairy fiber," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 254-268.
    5. Patra, Tapas Kumar & Sheth, Pratik N., 2015. "Biomass gasification models for downdraft gasifier: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 583-593.
    6. Pang, Yunji & Yang, Chen & Wu, Yuting & Chen, Yisheng & Li, Huan, 2022. "Study on counter-flow steam gasification characteristics of biochar with Fe2O3/CaO in-situ catalysis in fixed bed," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    7. Mendiburu, Andrés Z. & Carvalho, João A. & Zanzi, Rolando & Coronado, Christian R. & Silveira, José L., 2014. "Thermochemical equilibrium modeling of a biomass downdraft gasifier: Constrained and unconstrained non-stoichiometric models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 624-637.
    8. Hernández, J.J. & Ballesteros, R. & Aranda, G., 2013. "Characterisation of tars from biomass gasification: Effect of the operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 333-342.
    9. Thanapal, Siva Sankar & Annamalai, Kalyan & Sweeten, John M. & Gordillo, Gerardo, 2012. "Fixed bed gasification of dairy biomass with enriched air mixture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 525-531.

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