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Conversion of ethyl levulinate in high concentration to γ-valerolactone over hydrothermally synthesized Mg-Sn-β with high Sn content

Author

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  • Tian, Yingfu
  • Lu, Tianliang
  • Qu, Hongjin
  • Yang, Xiaomei
  • Zhou, Lipeng

Abstract

Efficient conversion of ethyl levulinate (EL) in high concentration to γ-valerolactone (GVL) at moderate temperature via catalytic transfer hydrogenation strategy is highly desirable. In this work, hydrothermally synthesized Sn-β zeolite with high Sn content was employed as a catalyst to realize this aim. Fully crystallized Sn-β zeolite with high Sn content (nSi/nSn = 60) was successfully synthesized within 12 days using MgCl2 as a promoter. The synthesized zeolites were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV–vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and XPS. The L acid density of Mg-Sn-β-60-12d increased to 90 μmol g−1 compared to Mg-Sn-β-100-7d (56 μmol g−1). 92 % yield of GVL was achieved on Mg-Sn-β-60-12d using high concentration of EL (1.2 mol L−1) as reactant at 130 °C for 8 h. The performance of Mg-Sn-β is better than that of Sn-β with same nSi/nSn. The reaction mechanism over Mg-Sn-β was discussed. In addition, Mg-Sn-β-60-12d showed excellent stability and reusability during five runs.

Suggested Citation

  • Tian, Yingfu & Lu, Tianliang & Qu, Hongjin & Yang, Xiaomei & Zhou, Lipeng, 2025. "Conversion of ethyl levulinate in high concentration to γ-valerolactone over hydrothermally synthesized Mg-Sn-β with high Sn content," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:254:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125013254
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.123663
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Yue & Liu, Huai & Zhang, Junhua & Cheng, Yuan & Lin, Wansi & Huang, Rulu & Peng, Lincai, 2022. "Direct epitaxial synthesis of magnetic biomass derived acid/base bifunctional zirconium-based hybrid for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate into γ-valerolactone," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 911-921.
    2. Zhang, Liangqing & Zhou, Ben & Hong, Yonglin & Wu, Qiaomei & Qiu, Jiarong & Chen, Jianfeng & Zeng, Xianhai, 2024. "Efficient transformation of levulinic acid/esters to γ-valerolactone via a durable catalyst with simply tunable acid-base sites," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    3. Tang, Xing & Zeng, Xianhai & Li, Zheng & Hu, Lei & Sun, Yong & Liu, Shijie & Lei, Tingzhou & Lin, Lu, 2014. "Production of γ-valerolactone from lignocellulosic biomass for sustainable fuels and chemicals supply," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 608-620.
    4. He, Jian & Li, Hu & Xu, Yufei & Yang, Song, 2020. "Dual acidic mesoporous KIT silicates enable one-pot production of γ-valerolactone from biomass derivatives via cascade reactions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 359-370.
    5. Qu, Hongjin & Lu, Tianliang & Yang, Xiaomei & Zhou, Lipeng, 2024. "Promoting tin into the framework of β zeolite via stabilizing Sn species and its catalytic performance for the conversion of ethyl levulinate to γ-valerolactone," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
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