IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v245y2025ics0960148125004343.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sustainable H2-rich bio-syngas production from high moisture wastes: Steam gasification of hydrochars obtained from apple pomace in single and binary solvent systems

Author

Listed:
  • Wądrzyk, Mariusz
  • Grzywacz, Przemysław
  • Plata, Marek
  • Soprych, Piotr
  • Janus, Rafał
  • Lewandowski, Marek
  • Korzeniowski, Łukasz

Abstract

Innovative solutions dedicated to valorization of high moisture content wastes into perspective groups of products like hydrocarbons or hydrogen are sought. Herein, we propose a two-stage processing route involving hydrothermal processing of apple pomace (AP) with the subsequent steam gasification. AP was converted into hydrochar using either a single solvent (water or ethanol) or a binary solvent (water mixed with ethanol). The effect of the medium type on the change in the yield and quality of the resultant hydrochar was studied, including comprehensive characterization. The subsequent step was to upgrade the resultant hydrochars through steam gasification at 900 °C. A noticeable influence of the application of a type of solvent medium on the conversion level of the pristine structure, as well as on the effectiveness of steam gasification, was noted. Syngas included hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide, with hydrogen being the dominant component (56–60 %). The high share of methane in bio-syngas translates into a relatively high energy potential of the residual gas after possible hydrogen separation. The aqueous system produced the most reactive and high-yielding hydrochar, while the ethanol system exhibited the lowest values due to differences in porous structure, elemental composition, and structure of surface functional groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Wądrzyk, Mariusz & Grzywacz, Przemysław & Plata, Marek & Soprych, Piotr & Janus, Rafał & Lewandowski, Marek & Korzeniowski, Łukasz, 2025. "Sustainable H2-rich bio-syngas production from high moisture wastes: Steam gasification of hydrochars obtained from apple pomace in single and binary solvent systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125004343
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.122772
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148125004343
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2025.122772?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Salaudeen, Shakirudeen A. & Acharya, Bishnu & Dutta, Animesh, 2021. "Steam gasification of hydrochar derived from hydrothermal carbonization of fruit wastes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 582-591.
    2. Wądrzyk, Mariusz & Korzeniowski, Łukasz & Plata, Marek & Janus, Rafał & Lewandowski, Marek & Michalik, Marek & Magdziarz, Aneta, 2023. "Pyrolysis of hydrochars obtained from blackcurrant pomace in single and binary solvent systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 383-394.
    3. Meng, Dawei & Jiang, Zili & Kunio, Yoshikawa & Mu, Hongyan, 2012. "The effect of operation parameters on the hydrothermal drying treatment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 90-94.
    4. Anetjärvi, Eemeli & Vakkilainen, Esa & Melin, Kristian, 2023. "Benefits of hybrid production of e-methanol in connection with biomass gasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    5. Santanu Kumar Dash & Suprava Chakraborty & Michele Roccotelli & Umesh Kumar Sahu, 2022. "Hydrogen Fuel for Future Mobility: Challenges and Future Aspects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-22, July.
    6. Han, Mengxi & Liu, Hui & Chen, Dezhen & Feng, Yuheng & Tang, Yulin & Zhang, Qian & An, Qing & Hu, Weijie & Jin, Zechen & Yan, Kai, 2024. "Comprehensive evaluation of product characteristics and energy consumption in hydrothermal carbonization of food waste anaerobic digestate: A perspective on phosphorus recovery and fuel properties," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    7. Wądrzyk, Mariusz & Grzywacz, Przemysław & Janus, Rafał & Michalik, Marek, 2021. "A two-stage processing of cherry pomace via hydrothermal treatment followed by biochar gasification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 248-261.
    8. Kambo, Harpreet Singh & Dutta, Animesh, 2015. "A comparative review of biochar and hydrochar in terms of production, physico-chemical properties and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 359-378.
    9. Guo, Haixin & Isoda, Yukiya & Honma, Tetsuo & Shen, Feng & Smith Jr, Richard Lee, 2024. "Sustainably-derived sulfonated pinecone-based hydrochar catalyst for carbohydrate dehydration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    10. Xia, Guoyan & Liu, Zhanglin & He, Jinsong & Huang, Mei & Zhao, Li & Zou, Jianmei & Lei, Yongjia & Yang, Qiulin & Liu, Yan & Tian, Dong & Shen, Fei, 2024. "Modulating three-dimensional porous carbon from paper mulberry juice by a hydrothermal process for a supercapacitor with excellent performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    11. Mariusz Wądrzyk & Marek Plata & Kamila Zaborowska & Rafał Janus & Marek Lewandowski, 2021. "Py-GC-MS Study on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biocrude Obtained via HTL of Fruit Pomace," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, November.
    12. Aragón-Briceño, C.I. & Pozarlik, A.K. & Bramer, E.A. & Niedzwiecki, Lukasz & Pawlak-Kruczek, H. & Brem, G., 2021. "Hydrothermal carbonization of wet biomass from nitrogen and phosphorus approach: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 401-415.
    13. Reinhard Rauch & Jitka Hrbek & Hermann Hofbauer, 2014. "Biomass gasification for synthesis gas production and applications of the syngas," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(4), pages 343-362, July.
    14. Tekin, Kubilay & Karagöz, Selhan & Bektaş, Sema, 2014. "A review of hydrothermal biomass processing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 673-687.
    15. Kambo, Harpreet Singh & Dutta, Animesh, 2014. "Strength, storage, and combustion characteristics of densified lignocellulosic biomass produced via torrefaction and hydrothermal carbonization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 182-191.
    16. Khan, Imran & Kabir, Zobaidul, 2020. "Waste-to-energy generation technologies and the developing economies: A multi-criteria analysis for sustainability assessment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 320-333.
    17. Wang, Qi & Xu, XiaoFeng & Wu, JiaLong & Han, Yu & Zheng, WenChang & Wang, Shuang, 2024. "Catalytic hydrothermal reaction of biomass and its application in blast furnace injection: Physicochemical, conversion mechanism, combustion behavior," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PB).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wądrzyk, Mariusz & Plata, Marek & Korzeniowski, Łukasz & Janus, Rafał & Lewandowski, Marek, 2025. "Towards sustainable valorization of blackcurrant pomace: Investigation of hot-water extraction combined with hydrothermal liquefaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    2. Wang, Tengfei & Zhai, Yunbo & Zhu, Yun & Li, Caiting & Zeng, Guangming, 2018. "A review of the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass waste for hydrochar formation: Process conditions, fundamentals, and physicochemical properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 223-247.
    3. Kumar, Mayank & Olajire Oyedun, Adetoyese & Kumar, Amit, 2018. "A review on the current status of various hydrothermal technologies on biomass feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 1742-1770.
    4. Kambo, Harpreet Singh & Dutta, Animesh, 2015. "A comparative review of biochar and hydrochar in terms of production, physico-chemical properties and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 359-378.
    5. Shen, Yafei & Yu, Shili & Ge, Shun & Chen, Xingming & Ge, Xinlei & Chen, Mindong, 2017. "Hydrothermal carbonization of medical wastes and lignocellulosic biomass for solid fuel production from lab-scale to pilot-scale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 312-323.
    6. Akbari, Maryam & Oyedun, Adetoyese Olajire & Kumar, Amit, 2020. "Techno-economic assessment of wet and dry torrefaction of biomass feedstock," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    7. Zhuang, Xiuzheng & Liu, Jianguo & Zhang, Qi & Wang, Chenguang & Zhan, Hao & Ma, Longlong, 2022. "A review on the utilization of industrial biowaste via hydrothermal carbonization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    8. Mousavi-Avval, Seyed Hashem & Sahoo, Kamalakanta & Nepal, Prakash & Runge, Troy & Bergman, Richard, 2023. "Environmental impacts and techno-economic assessments of biobased products: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    9. Shao, Yuchao & Long, Yuyang & Wang, Hengyi & Liu, Dongyun & Shen, Dongsheng & Chen, Ting, 2019. "Hydrochar derived from green waste by microwave hydrothermal carbonization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1327-1334.
    10. Ma, Peiyong & Yang, Jing & Xing, Xianjun & Weihrich, Sebastian & Fan, Fangyu & Zhang, Xianwen, 2017. "Isoconversional kinetics and characteristics of combustion on hydrothermally treated biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 1069-1076.
    11. Roy, Poritosh & Dutta, Animesh & Gallant, Jim, 2020. "Evaluation of the life cycle of hydrothermally carbonized biomass for energy and horticulture application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    12. Yao, Zhongliang & Ma, Xiaoqian, 2017. "A new approach to transforming PVC waste into energy via combined hydrothermal carbonization and fast pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1156-1165.
    13. Abu-Taher Jamal-Uddin & Shakirudeen A. Salaudeen & Animesh Dutta & Richard G. Zytner, 2022. "Hydrothermal Conversion of Waste Biomass from Greenhouses into Hydrochar for Energy, Soil Amendment, and Wastewater Treatment Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-21, May.
    14. Wądrzyk, Mariusz & Korzeniowski, Łukasz & Plata, Marek & Janus, Rafał & Lewandowski, Marek & Michalik, Marek & Magdziarz, Aneta, 2023. "Pyrolysis of hydrochars obtained from blackcurrant pomace in single and binary solvent systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 383-394.
    15. Chater, Hamza & Asbik, Mohamed & Koukouch, Abdelghani & Mouaky, Ammar & Zakariae, Ouachakradi & Sarh, Brahim, 2024. "Energy and exergy analysis of an innovative solar system for hydrothermal carbonization process using photovoltaic solar panels," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    16. AlNouss, Ahmed & McKay, Gordon & Al-Ansari, Tareq, 2020. "Enhancing waste to hydrogen production through biomass feedstock blending: A techno-economic-environmental evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    17. Wenran Gao & Hui Li & Karnowo & Bing Song & Shu Zhang, 2020. "Integrated Leaching and Thermochemical Technologies for Producing High-Value Products from Rice Husk: Leaching of Rice Husk with the Aqueous Phases of Bioliquids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-15, November.
    18. Giuseppe Maggiotto & Gianpiero Colangelo & Marco Milanese & Arturo de Risi, 2023. "Thermochemical Technologies for the Optimization of Olive Wood Biomass Energy Exploitation: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-17, September.
    19. Wang, Zhiwei & Lei, Tingzhou & Chang, Xia & Shi, Xinguang & Xiao, Ju & Li, Zaifeng & He, Xiaofeng & Zhu, Jinling & Yang, Shuhua, 2015. "Optimization of a biomass briquette fuel system based on grey relational analysis and analytic hierarchy process: A study using cornstalks in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 523-532.
    20. Vlachokostas, Ch. & Michailidou, A.V. & Achillas, Ch., 2021. "Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis towards promoting Waste-to-Energy Management Strategies: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:245:y:2025:i:c:s0960148125004343. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.