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Comparison of acid and alkaline pre-treatment on methane production from empty palm oil fruit bunches (OPEFB): Effect on characteristics, digester performance, and correlation of kinetic parameters

Author

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  • Suhartini, Sri
  • Rohma, Novita Ainur
  • Elviliana,
  • Hidayat, Nur
  • Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang S.
  • Mardawati, Efri
  • Kasbawati,
  • Mascruhin, Nanang
  • Idrus, Syazwani
  • Fitria,
  • Jung, Young Hoon
  • Melville, Lynsey

Abstract

This paper focused on comparing the impact of two different chemical pretreatments on various characteristics of OPEFBs (i.e., physical, structural, and morphological properties), methane production, digestate characteristics, and kinetic modelling. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test showed that alkaline-treated OPEFBs produced higher methane yields than acid-treated OPEFBs. Accordingly, the methane yields became far higher after NaOH pretreatment, showing 0.186–0.224 m3CH4/kg VSadded compared with 0.102 m3CH4/kg VSadded and 0.093–0.115 m3CH4/kg VSadded from untreated and acid-treated OPEFBs. The best treatment was alkaline pretreatment of P2N3, which gave the highest methane yield increase (by 1.2-fold). The Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) results of acid-treated OPEFBs indicated disruption of cell wall and loss of some minerals. However, alkaline-treated OPEFBs have more pores due to silica and other chemicals releases (i.e., lignin, hemicellulose, etc.). The kinetic study showed that all models (i.e., modified Gompertz, logistic, and transference) were in good agreement with the experimental data. Both experimental data and models confirmed P2N3 (i.e., NaOH concentrations of 3.8%) as the best results, indicated by the highest lignin reduction and methane production. This study showed an excellent opportunity to digest alkaline-treated OPEFBS, yet more in-depth investigations with sustainability and circular economy perspectives are needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Suhartini, Sri & Rohma, Novita Ainur & Elviliana, & Hidayat, Nur & Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang S. & Mardawati, Efri & Kasbawati, & Mascruhin, Nanang & Idrus, Syazwani & Fitria, & Jung, Young Hoon & Melville, 2023. "Comparison of acid and alkaline pre-treatment on methane production from empty palm oil fruit bunches (OPEFB): Effect on characteristics, digester performance, and correlation of kinetic parameters," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:215:y:2023:i:c:s0960148123009217
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119009
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. George Dimitrellos & Gerasimos Lyberatos & Georgia Antonopoulou, 2020. "Does Acid Addition Improve Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass towards Biohydrogen and Biogas Production?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Aragón-Briceño, C.I. & Pozarlik, A.K. & Bramer, E.A. & Niedzwiecki, Lukasz & Pawlak-Kruczek, H. & Brem, G., 2021. "Hydrothermal carbonization of wet biomass from nitrogen and phosphorus approach: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 401-415.
    3. Sivabalan Kaniapan & Suhaimi Hassan & Hamdan Ya & Kartikeyan Patma Nesan & Mohammad Azeem, 2021. "The Utilisation of Palm Oil and Oil Palm Residues and the Related Challenges as a Sustainable Alternative in Biofuel, Bioenergy, and Transportation Sector: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-25, March.
    4. Suhartini, Sri & Rohma, Novita Ainur & Mardawati, Efri & Kasbawati, & Hidayat, Nur & Melville, Lynsey, 2022. "Biorefining of oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioethanol and xylitol production in Indonesia: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
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