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Investigation of microwave-assisted transesterification reactor of waste cooking oil

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  • Hassan, Aso A.
  • Smith, Joseph D.

Abstract

In this work, the esterification and trans-esterification reactions of waste cooking oil (WCO) with high free fatty acids (FFA) (≥1% by weight) were investigated. This investigation used a two-step batch process with kinetic based reaction mechanisms and examined potential benefits of combining the conventional Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) trans-esterification method with microwave technology. Optimization of an acid-catalyzed FAME process to minimize FFA content in the feedstock found that a feed volume ratio of 0.3 L of methanol per liter of WCO, 2% grams of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) per gram of WCO for a reaction time of 200 min at a reaction temperature of 60 °C produced a biodiesel yield of 24%. By comparison, optimization of a base-catalyzed FAME process found that a feed volume ratio of 0.3 L methanol per liter WCO oil, 1 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH) per gram of WCO for a reaction time of 60 min at a reaction temperature of 60 °C produced a biodiesel yield of 93–98%. When microwave irradiation was included, the reaction time for the acid-catalyzed system was 80 min (compared to 200 min) and 10 min for the base-catalyzed system (compared to 60 min). These preliminary results suggest microwave technology merits further investigation for industrial application to biodiesel production.

Suggested Citation

  • Hassan, Aso A. & Smith, Joseph D., 2020. "Investigation of microwave-assisted transesterification reactor of waste cooking oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1735-1746.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:162:y:2020:i:c:p:1735-1746
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.123
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gopinath, A. & Puhan, Sukumar & Nagarajan, G., 2009. "Theoretical modeling of iodine value and saponification value of biodiesel fuels from their fatty acid composition," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(7), pages 1806-1811.
    2. Meher, L.C. & Vidya Sagar, D. & Naik, S.N., 2006. "Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification--a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 248-268, June.
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    1. R, Gopi & Thangarasu, Vinoth & Vinayakaselvi M, Angkayarkan & Ramanathan, Anand, 2022. "A critical review of recent advancements in continuous flow reactors and prominent integrated microreactors for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    2. Suherman Suherman & Ilmi Abdullah & Muhammad Sabri & Arridina Susan Silitonga, 2023. "Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties Composite Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil and Schleichera oleosa Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Cui, Yunlei & Zhang, Yaning & Cui, Longfei & Xiong, Qingang & Mostafa, Ehab, 2023. "Microwave-assisted fluidized bed reactor pyrolysis of polypropylene plastic for pyrolysis gas production towards a sustainable development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).

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