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Comparing a multi-linear (STEP) and systemic (FRAM) method for accident analysis

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  • Herrera, I.A.
  • Woltjer, R.

Abstract

Accident models and analysis methods affect what accident investigators look for, which contributory factors are found, and which recommendations are issued. This paper contrasts the Sequentially Timed Events Plotting (STEP) method and the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) for accident analysis and modelling. The main issue addressed in this paper is the comparison of the established multi-linear method STEP with the new systemic method FRAM and which new insights the latter provides for accident analysis in comparison to the former established multi-linear method. Since STEP and FRAM are based on a different understandings of the nature of accidents, the comparison of the methods focuses on what we can learn from both methods, how, when, and why to apply them. The main finding is that STEP helps to illustrate what happened, involving which actors at what time, whereas FRAM illustrates the dynamic interactions within socio-technical systems and lets the analyst understand the how and why by describing non-linear dependencies, performance conditions, variability, and their resonance across functions.

Suggested Citation

  • Herrera, I.A. & Woltjer, R., 2010. "Comparing a multi-linear (STEP) and systemic (FRAM) method for accident analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 95(12), pages 1269-1275.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:95:y:2010:i:12:p:1269-1275
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2010.06.003
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    Cited by:

    1. Raben, Ditte Caroline & Viskum, Birgit & Mikkelsen, Kim L. & Hounsgaard, Jeanette & Bogh, Søren Bie & Hollnagel, Erik, 2018. "Application of a non-linear model to understand healthcare processes: using the functional resonance analysis method on a case study of the early detection of sepsis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 1-11.
    2. Wu, Chao & Huang, Lang, 2019. "A new accident causation model based on information flow and its application in Tianjin Port fire and explosion accident," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 73-85.
    3. Steen, Riana & Ferreira, Pedro, 2020. "Resilient flood-risk management at the municipal level through the lens of the Functional Resonance Analysis Model," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    4. Foreman, Veronica L. & Favaró, Francesca M. & Saleh, Joseph H. & Johnson, Christopher W., 2015. "Software in military aviation and drone mishaps: Analysis and recommendations for the investigation process," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 101-111.
    5. Li, Weijun & He, Min & Sun, Yibo & Cao, Qinggui, 2019. "A proactive operational risk identification and analysis framework based on the integration of ACAT and FRAM," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 101-109.
    6. Qiao, Wanguan & Li, Xinchun & Liu, Quanlong, 2019. "Systemic approaches to incident analysis in coal mines: Comparison of the STAMP, FRAM and “2–4” models," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-1.
    7. Patriarca, Riccardo & Bergström, Johan & Di Gravio, Giulio, 2017. "Defining the functional resonance analysis space: Combining Abstraction Hierarchy and FRAM," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 34-46.
    8. Santos, Paula Luisa Costa Teixeira & Monteiro, Paulo Adelino Antunes & Studic, Milena & Majumdar, Arnab, 2017. "A methodology used for the development of an Air Traffic Management functional system architecture," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 445-457.
    9. Yoon, Young Sik & Ham, Dong-Han & Yoon, Wan Chul, 2016. "Application of activity theory to analysis of human-related accidents: Method and case studies," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 22-34.
    10. Kim, Yoo Chan & Yoon, Wan Chul, 2021. "Quantitative representation of the functional resonance analysis method for risk assessment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    11. Woltjer, Rogier & Pinska-Chauvin, Ella & Laursen, Tom & Josefsson, Billy, 2015. "Towards understanding work-as-done in air traffic management safety assessment and design," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 115-130.
    12. Favarò, Francesca M. & Jackson, David W. & Saleh, Joseph H. & Mavris, Dimitri N., 2013. "Software contributions to aircraft adverse events: Case studies and analyses of recurrent accident patterns and failure mechanisms," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 131-142.
    13. Praetorius, Gesa & Hollnagel, Erik & Dahlman, Joakim, 2015. "Modelling Vessel Traffic Service to understand resilience in everyday operations," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 10-21.
    14. Chikha, Paulina & Skorupski, Jacek, 2022. "The risk of an airport traffic accident in the context of the ground handling personnel performance," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).

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