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Detection of changes in the fractal scaling of heart rate and speed in a marathon race

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  • Billat, Véronique L.
  • Mille-Hamard, Laurence
  • Meyer, Yves
  • Wesfreid, Eva

Abstract

The aim of this study was to detect changes in the fractal scaling behavior of heart rate and speed fluctuations when the average runner’s speed decreased with fatigue. Scaling analysis in heart rate (HR) and speed (S) dynamics of marathon runners was performed using the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and the wavelet based structure function. We considered both: the short-range (α1) and the long-range (α2) scaling exponents for the DFA method separated by a change-point, n0=64=5.3min (box length), the same for all the races. The variability of HR and S decreased in the second part of the marathon race, while the cardiac cost time series (i.e. the number of cardiac beats per meter) increased due to the decreasing speed behavior. The scaling exponents α1 and α2 of HR and α1 of S, increased during the race (p<0.01) as did the HR wavelet scaling exponent (τ). These findings provide evidence of the significant effect of fatigue induced by long exercise on the heart rate and speed variability.

Suggested Citation

  • Billat, Véronique L. & Mille-Hamard, Laurence & Meyer, Yves & Wesfreid, Eva, 2009. "Detection of changes in the fractal scaling of heart rate and speed in a marathon race," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 388(18), pages 3798-3808.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:388:y:2009:i:18:p:3798-3808
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2009.05.029
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    1. Billat, Véronique & Carbillet, Thomas & Correa, Matthieu & Pycke, Jean-Renaud, 2019. "Detecting the marathon asymmetry with a statistical signature," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 515(C), pages 240-247.
    2. Wesfreid, Eva & Billat, Véronique, 2012. "Randomness and changes of heart rate and respiratory frequency during high altitude mountain ascent without acclimatization," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(4), pages 1575-1590.
    3. Billat, Véronique & Brunel, Nicolas J-B. & Carbillet, Thomas & Labbé, Stéphane & Samson, Adeline, 2018. "Humans are able to self-paced constant running accelerations until exhaustion," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 506(C), pages 290-304.
    4. Claire A. Molinari & Pierre Bresson & Florent Palacin & Véronique Billat, 2021. "Pace Controlled by a Steady-State Physiological Variable Is Associated with Better Performance in a 3000 M Run," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-11, July.

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