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Deadlock opportunism in contesting conservation areas in Indonesia

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  • Sahide, Muhammad Alif K.
  • Fisher, Micah R.
  • Maryudi, Ahmad
  • Dhiaulhaq, Ahmad
  • Wulandari, Christine
  • Kim, Yeon-Su
  • Giessen, Lukas

Abstract

Conservation areas are designated to protect biodiversity and resources by limiting anthropogenic stressors. In Indonesia, conservation areas account for almost 23 percent of the state forest with extremely limited allowable uses. Previous policy interventions to support community and traditional uses have never been very successful due to the deep roots of bureaucratic politics originally defined to safeguard biodiversity. This deadlock created by the two major laws governing forestry and conservation areas has been broken with recent permits for geothermal projects in conservation areas. The rationale is to provide an environmental service (renewable energy) and to address global concerns for climate mitigation. This paper examines how the deadlock is broken at least temporarily for geothermal development and maintained for social forestry. Arguments and findings presented in this paper are drawn from content analysis, interviews, and long-term engagement among the authors observing operationalization of conservation policies in Indonesia, both in Java and outer islands. We propose the operational framework of deadlock opportunism as a way to highlight the processes of breaking a deadlock by legitimizing particular interests (geothermal development) through green and populist narratives, while hollowing out claims of other interests (social forestry). Although anticipation of breaking the deadlock through geothermal development has encouraged numerous policies and programs developed for social forestry, we argue these developments actually camouflage the underlying legitimacy of communities and keep them from accessing lands within conservation areas. We believe the concept of deadlock opportunism and the operational framework can provide new insights for understanding progress (or lack thereof) of certain policies in their lifecycles in other parts of the world.

Suggested Citation

  • Sahide, Muhammad Alif K. & Fisher, Micah R. & Maryudi, Ahmad & Dhiaulhaq, Ahmad & Wulandari, Christine & Kim, Yeon-Su & Giessen, Lukas, 2018. "Deadlock opportunism in contesting conservation areas in Indonesia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 412-424.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:77:y:2018:i:c:p:412-424
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.05.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Singer, Benjamin & Giessen, Lukas, 2017. "Towards a donut regime? Domestic actors, climatization, and the hollowing-out of the international forests regime in the Anthropocene," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 69-79.
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    2. Moeliono, Moira & Brockhaus, Maria & Gallemore, Caleb & Dwisatrio, Bimo & Maharani, Cynthia D. & Muharrom, Efrian & Pham, Thuy Thu, 2020. "REDD+ in Indonesia: A new mode of governance or just another project?," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    3. Fatem, Sepus M. & Awang, San A. & Pudyatmoko, Satyawan & Sahide, Muhammad A.K. & Pratama, Andita A. & Maryudi, Ahmad, 2018. "Camouflaging economic development agendas with forest conservation narratives: A strategy of lower governments for gaining authority in the re-centralising Indonesia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 699-710.
    4. Muhammad Alif K. Sahide & Micah R. Fisher & Nurhady Sirimorok & Fatwa Faturachmat & Ahmad Dhiaulhaq & Ahmad Maryudi & Karno B. Batiran & Supratman Supratman, 2023. "Blind spots and spotlights in bureaucratic politics: An analysis of policy co‐production in environmental governance dynamics in Indonesia," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 41(5), September.
    5. Garcia, Rocío M. & Burns, Sarah L., 2022. "Bureaucratic politics in protected areas: The voided power projection efforts of conservation vis-à-vis forest bureaucracies in Patagonia, Argentina," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    6. Setiawan, Andri D. & Dewi, Marmelia P. & Jafino, Bramka Arga & Hidayatno, Akhmad, 2022. "Evaluating feed-in tariff policies on enhancing geothermal development in Indonesia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    7. Myers, Rodd & Fisher, Micah & Monterroso, Iliana & Liswanti, Nining & Maryudi, Ahmad & Larson, Anne M. & Mwangi, Esther & Herawati, Tuti, 2022. "Coordinating forest tenure reform: Objectives, resources and relations in Indonesia, Kenya, Nepal, Peru, and Uganda," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    8. Resosudarmo, Ida Aju Pradnja & Tacconi, Luca & Sloan, Sean & Hamdani, Faridh Almuhayat Uhib & Subarudi, & Alviya, Iis & Muttaqin, Muhammad Zahrul, 2019. "Indonesia's land reform: Implications for local livelihoods and climate change," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 1-1.
    9. Pratiwi, Santi & Juerges, Nataly, 2022. "Digital advocacy at the science-policy interface: Resolving land-use conflicts in conservation forests," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
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