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Macroeconomic effects of quantitative and qualitative monetary easing measures

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  • Koeda, Junko

Abstract

We estimate a structural vector autoregressive model with an effective lower bound of nominal interest rates (ELB) using Japanese macroeconomic and financial data from the mid-1990s to the end of 2016. The estimated results show that the Bank of Japan's quantitative and qualitative easing (QQE) policy increased output via “pure” quantitative easing when the first-year's QQE level effect was controlled, complemented by qualitative easing. Our nonlinear counter-factual analyses show that raising the ELB or lowering an inflation threshold in forward guidance is not necessarily contractionary.

Suggested Citation

  • Koeda, Junko, 2019. "Macroeconomic effects of quantitative and qualitative monetary easing measures," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 121-141.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jjieco:v:52:y:2019:i:c:p:121-141
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2018.12.006
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    5. Benjamin Baker & Murat Üngör, 2025. "Effects of Quantitative Easing on Economic Sentiment: Evidence from Three Large Economies," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 67(1), pages 50-83, March.
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    8. Takatoshi Ito, 2021. "An Assessment of Abenomics: Evolution and Achievements," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 16(2), pages 190-219, July.
    9. Stéphane Lhuissier & Benoit Mojon & Juan Rubio-Ramírez, 2020. "Does the liquidity trap exist?," BIS Working Papers 855, Bank for International Settlements.
    10. Gunji, Hiroshi, 2024. "Impact of the Kuroda Bazooka on Japanese households’ borrowing intentions," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    11. FUJITA, Shumpei & IIBOSHI, Hirokuni & SHINTANI, Mototsugu, 2026. "Macroeconomic Effects of Unconventional Monetary Policy in Japan : Analysis Using Narrative Sign Restrictions," Discussion paper series HIAS-E-156, Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University.
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    14. Pierre L. Siklos, 2020. "Looking into the Rear-View Mirror: Lessons from Japan for the Eurozone and the U.S?," IMES Discussion Paper Series 20-E-02, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan.
    15. Zekeriya Yildirim & Mehmet Ivrendi, 2021. "Spillovers of US unconventional monetary policy: quantitative easing, spreads, and international financial markets," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 7(1), pages 1-38, December.
    16. Nagao, Ryoya & Kondo, Yoshihiro & Nakazono, Yoshiyuki, 2021. "The macroeconomic effects of monetary policy: Evidence from Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    17. Kiyotaka Nakashima & Masahiko Shibamoto & Koji Takahashi, 2024. "Identifying Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Policy Shocks," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 20(3), pages 1-61, July.
    18. Kosuke Aoki & Kozo Ueda, 2025. "Survey of the effects of unconventional monetary policy in Japan," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 76(3), pages 587-619, July.
    19. Tanahara, Yusuke & Tango, Kento & Nakazono, Yoshiyuki, 2023. "Information effects of monetary policy," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    20. Shin-ichi Fukuda & Mariko Tanaka, 2022. "The Effects of Large-scale Equity Purchases during the Coronavirus Pandemic," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-1186, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    21. Ryou, Jai Won & Baak, Saang Joon & Kim, Won Joong, 2019. "Effects of Japanese quantitative easing policy on the economies of Japan and Korea," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 241-252.
    22. Harimaya, Kozo & Jinushi, Toshiki, 2023. "The effects of quantitative easing policy on bank lending: Evidence from Japanese regional banks," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
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    24. Rosa Ferrentino & Luca Vota, 2022. "An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Japanese Monetary Policy Through a Statistical Mathematical Approach: a Simultaneous Equations Model (SEM)," Journal of Statistical and Econometric Methods, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 11(1), pages 1-2.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models

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