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Building an index based on key SDG 12 indicators to promote the transition to a circular economy

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  • Cifuentes-Faura, Javier

Abstract

The United Nations 2030 Agenda promotes sustainability through 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this study, an index based on key SDG 12 indicators related to responsible consumption and production patterns is constructed to rank EU countries according to their level of compliance. The results show that Italy, the Netherlands and France leading the implementation of sustainable practices, while Bulgaria, Finland and Estonia have the lowest levels. These findings highlight the disparities in the adoption of sustainable practices between countries and underline the need for further policy harmonization at European level to foster the transition to a circular economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Cifuentes-Faura, Javier, 2025. "Building an index based on key SDG 12 indicators to promote the transition to a circular economy," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:82:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325008694
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107610
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shaikh, M. Abdullah & Hadjikakou, Michalis & Geyik, Ozge & Bryan, Brett A., 2024. "Assessing global agri-food system exceedance of national cropland limits for linking responsible consumption and production under SDG 12," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
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    5. Olivia Sylvester, 2024. "Sustainable Development Goal 12: Sustainable consumption and production patterns," Chapters, in: Sheryl L. Hendriks & Suresh C. Babu (ed.), Handbook on Public Policy and Food Security, chapter 28, pages 289-298, Edward Elgar Publishing.
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