IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v110y2016icp65-74.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Decentralized substations for low-temperature district heating with no Legionella risk, and low return temperatures

Author

Listed:
  • Yang, Xiaochen
  • Li, Hongwei
  • Svendsen, Svend

Abstract

To improve energy efficiency and give more access to renewable energy sources, low-temperature district heating (LTDH) is a promising concept to be realized in the future. However, concern about Legionella proliferation restricts applying low-temperature district heating in conventional systems with domestic hot water (DHW) circulation. In this study, a system with decentralized substations was analysed as a solution to this problem. Furthermore, a modification for the decentralized substation system were proposed in order to reduce the average return temperature. Models of conventional system with medium-temperature district heating, decentralized substation system with LTDH, and innovative decentralized substation system with LTDH were built based on the information of a case building. The annual distribution heat loss and the operating costs of the three scenarios were calculated and compared. From the results, realizing LTDH by the decentralized substation unit, 30% of the annual distribution heat loss inside the building can be saved compared to a conventional system with medium-temperature district heating. Replacing the bypass pipe with an in-line supply pipe and a heat pump, the innovative decentralized substation system can reduce distribution heat loss by 39% compared to the conventional system and by 12% compared to the normal decentralized substation system with bypass.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Xiaochen & Li, Hongwei & Svendsen, Svend, 2016. "Decentralized substations for low-temperature district heating with no Legionella risk, and low return temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 65-74.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:110:y:2016:i:c:p:65-74
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.12.073
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544215017181
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2015.12.073?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
    2. Brand, Marek & Svendsen, Svend, 2013. "Renewable-based low-temperature district heating for existing buildings in various stages of refurbishment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 311-319.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Simone Ferrari & Milad Zoghi & Giancarlo Paganin & Giuliano Dall’O’, 2023. "A Practical Review to Support the Implementation of Smart Solutions within Neighbourhood Building Stock," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-35, July.
    2. Guo, Yurun & Wang, Shugang & Wang, Jihong & Zhang, Tengfei & Ma, Zhenjun & Jiang, Shuang, 2024. "Key district heating technologies for building energy flexibility: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    3. Wendel, Frank & Blesl, Markus & Brodecki, Lukasz & Hufendiek, Kai, 2022. "Expansion or decommission? – Transformation of existing district heating networks by reducing temperature levels in a cost-optimum network design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    4. Tina Lidberg & Thomas Olofsson & Louise Ödlund, 2019. "Impact of Domestic Hot Water Systems on District Heating Temperatures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-14, December.
    5. Pomianowski, M.Z. & Johra, H. & Marszal-Pomianowska, A. & Zhang, C., 2020. "Sustainable and energy-efficient domestic hot water systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    6. Anna Grzegórska & Piotr Rybarczyk & Valdas Lukoševičius & Joanna Sobczak & Andrzej Rogala, 2021. "Smart Asset Management for District Heating Systems in the Baltic Sea Region," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-25, January.
    7. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Smith, Kevin Michael & Tunzi, Michele & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Low-temperature operation of heating systems to enable 4th generation district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    8. Marco Pellegrini & Augusto Bianchini, 2018. "The Innovative Concept of Cold District Heating Networks: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    9. Averfalk, Helge & Werner, Sven, 2018. "Novel low temperature heat distribution technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 526-539.
    10. Gerald Schweiger & Fabian Kuttin & Alfred Posch, 2019. "District Heating Systems: An Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of the 4GDH," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.
    11. Volkova, Anna & Mašatin, Vladislav & Siirde, Andres, 2018. "Methodology for evaluating the transition process dynamics towards 4th generation district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 253-261.
    12. Alessandro Guzzini & Marco Pellegrini & Edoardo Pelliconi & Cesare Saccani, 2020. "Low Temperature District Heating: An Expert Opinion Survey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-34, February.
    13. Tommy Rosén & Louise Ödlund, 2019. "Active Management of Heat Customers Towards Lower District Heating Return Water Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-20, May.
    14. Dino, Giuseppe Edoardo & Catrini, Pietro & Buscemi, Alessandro & Piacentino, Antonio & Palomba, Valeria & Frazzica, Andrea, 2023. "Modeling of a bidirectional substation in a district heating network: Validation, dynamic analysis, and application to a solar prosumer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    15. Leoni, Paolo & Geyer, Roman & Schmidt, Ralf-Roman, 2020. "Developing innovative business models for reducing return temperatures in district heating systems: Approach and first results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    16. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    17. Thorsen, Jan Eric & Gudmundsson, Oddgeir & Tunzi, Michele & Esbensen, Torben, 2024. "Aftercooling concept: An innovative substation ready for 4th generation district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    18. Polyvianchuk, Andrii & Semenenko, Roman & Kapustenko, Petro & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Arsenyeva, Olga, 2023. "The efficiency of innovative technologies for transition to 4th generation of district heating systems in Ukraine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    19. Lund, Henrik & Duic, Neven & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2018. "Future district heating systems and technologies: On the role of smart energy systems and 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 614-619.
    20. Vandermeulen, Annelies & Van Oevelen, Tijs & van der Heijde, Bram & Helsen, Lieve, 2020. "A simulation-based evaluation of substation models for network flexibility characterisation in district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    21. Chu, Shunzhou & Sethuvenkatraman, Subbu & Goldsworthy, Mark & Yuan, Guofeng, 2022. "Techno-economic assessment of solar assisted precinct level heating systems with seasonal heat storage for Australian cities," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 841-853.
    22. Víctor M. Soltero & Ricardo Chacartegui & Carlos Ortiz & Gonzalo Quirosa, 2018. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Rural 4th Generation Biomass District Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Haoran & Hou, Juan & Hong, Tianzhen & Nord, Natasa, 2022. "Distinguish between the economic optimal and lowest distribution temperatures for heat-prosumer-based district heating systems with short-term thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    2. Sayegh, M.A. & Danielewicz, J. & Nannou, T. & Miniewicz, M. & Jadwiszczak, P. & Piekarska, K. & Jouhara, H., 2017. "Trends of European research and development in district heating technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P2), pages 1183-1192.
    3. Guelpa, Elisa & Bischi, Aldo & Verda, Vittorio & Chertkov, Michael & Lund, Henrik, 2019. "Towards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 2-21.
    4. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Svendsen, Svend, 2018. "Experience from a practical test of low-temperature district heating for space heating in five Danish single-family houses from the 1930s," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 569-578.
    5. Michael-Allan Millar & Bruce Elrick & Greg Jones & Zhibin Yu & Neil M. Burnside, 2020. "Roadblocks to Low Temperature District Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    6. Volkova, Anna & Krupenski, Igor & Ledvanov, Aleksandr & Hlebnikov, Aleksandr & Lepiksaar, Kertu & Latõšov, Eduard & Mašatin, Vladislav, 2020. "Energy cascade connection of a low-temperature district heating network to the return line of a high-temperature district heating network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    7. Egging-Bratseth, Ruud & Kauko, Hanne & Knudsen, Brage Rugstad & Bakke, Sara Angell & Ettayebi, Amina & Haufe, Ina Renate, 2021. "Seasonal storage and demand side management in district heating systems with demand uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    8. Dorota Chwieduk & Wojciech Bujalski & Bartosz Chwieduk, 2020. "Possibilities of Transition from Centralized Energy Systems to Distributed Energy Sources in Large Polish Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-23, November.
    9. Ioan Sarbu & Matei Mirza & Daniel Muntean, 2022. "Integration of Renewable Energy Sources into Low-Temperature District Heating Systems: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-28, September.
    10. Ommen, Torben & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Markussen, Wiebke Brix & Elmegaard, Brian, 2017. "Performance of ultra low temperature district heating systems with utility plant and booster heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 544-555.
    11. Øystein Rønneseth & Nina Holck Sandberg & Igor Sartori, 2019. "Is It Possible to Supply Norwegian Apartment Blocks with 4th Generation District Heating?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, March.
    12. Yuan, Jianjuan & Huang, Ke & Lu, Shilei & Zhang, Ji & Han, Zhao & Zhou, Zhihua, 2022. "Analysis of influencing factors on heat consumption of large residential buildings with different occupancy rates-Tianjin case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    13. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Andersen, Anders N., 2016. "Booster heat pumps and central heat pumps in district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1374-1388.
    14. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Svendsen, Svend, 2016. "Replacing critical radiators to increase the potential to use low-temperature district heating – A case study of 4 Danish single-family houses from the 1930s," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 75-84.
    15. Marco Pellegrini & Augusto Bianchini, 2018. "The Innovative Concept of Cold District Heating Networks: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    16. Brange, Lisa & Lauenburg, Patrick & Sernhed, Kerstin & Thern, Marcus, 2017. "Bottlenecks in district heating networks and how to eliminate them – A simulation and cost study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 607-616.
    17. Köfinger, M. & Basciotti, D. & Schmidt, R.R. & Meissner, E. & Doczekal, C. & Giovannini, A., 2016. "Low temperature district heating in Austria: Energetic, ecologic and economic comparison of four case studies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 95-104.
    18. Michele Tunzi & Dorte Skaarup Østergaard & Svend Svendsen, 2022. "Development and Test of a Novel Electronic Radiator Thermostat with a Return Temperature Limiting Function," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, January.
    19. Gustafsson, Marcus & Gustafsson, Moa Swing & Myhren, Jonn Are & Bales, Chris & Holmberg, Sture, 2016. "Techno-economic analysis of energy renovation measures for a district heated multi-family house," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 108-116.
    20. Wang, Hai & Wang, Haiying & Haijian, Zhou & Zhu, Tong, 2017. "Optimization modeling for smart operation of multi-source district heating with distributed variable-speed pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 1247-1262.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:110:y:2016:i:c:p:65-74. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.