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Decentralized substations for low-temperature district heating with no Legionella risk, and low return temperatures

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  • Yang, Xiaochen
  • Li, Hongwei
  • Svendsen, Svend

Abstract

To improve energy efficiency and give more access to renewable energy sources, low-temperature district heating (LTDH) is a promising concept to be realized in the future. However, concern about Legionella proliferation restricts applying low-temperature district heating in conventional systems with domestic hot water (DHW) circulation. In this study, a system with decentralized substations was analysed as a solution to this problem. Furthermore, a modification for the decentralized substation system were proposed in order to reduce the average return temperature. Models of conventional system with medium-temperature district heating, decentralized substation system with LTDH, and innovative decentralized substation system with LTDH were built based on the information of a case building. The annual distribution heat loss and the operating costs of the three scenarios were calculated and compared. From the results, realizing LTDH by the decentralized substation unit, 30% of the annual distribution heat loss inside the building can be saved compared to a conventional system with medium-temperature district heating. Replacing the bypass pipe with an in-line supply pipe and a heat pump, the innovative decentralized substation system can reduce distribution heat loss by 39% compared to the conventional system and by 12% compared to the normal decentralized substation system with bypass.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Xiaochen & Li, Hongwei & Svendsen, Svend, 2016. "Decentralized substations for low-temperature district heating with no Legionella risk, and low return temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 65-74.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:110:y:2016:i:c:p:65-74
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.12.073
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
    2. Brand, Marek & Svendsen, Svend, 2013. "Renewable-based low-temperature district heating for existing buildings in various stages of refurbishment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 311-319.
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    Cited by:

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    10. Vandermeulen, Annelies & Van Oevelen, Tijs & van der Heijde, Bram & Helsen, Lieve, 2020. "A simulation-based evaluation of substation models for network flexibility characterisation in district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
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    12. Wendel, Frank & Blesl, Markus & Brodecki, Lukasz & Hufendiek, Kai, 2022. "Expansion or decommission? – Transformation of existing district heating networks by reducing temperature levels in a cost-optimum network design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    13. Tina Lidberg & Thomas Olofsson & Louise Ödlund, 2019. "Impact of Domestic Hot Water Systems on District Heating Temperatures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-14, December.
    14. Pomianowski, M.Z. & Johra, H. & Marszal-Pomianowska, A. & Zhang, C., 2020. "Sustainable and energy-efficient domestic hot water systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    15. Volkova, Anna & Mašatin, Vladislav & Siirde, Andres, 2018. "Methodology for evaluating the transition process dynamics towards 4th generation district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 253-261.
    16. Tommy Rosén & Louise Ödlund, 2019. "Active Management of Heat Customers Towards Lower District Heating Return Water Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-20, May.
    17. Dino, Giuseppe Edoardo & Catrini, Pietro & Buscemi, Alessandro & Piacentino, Antonio & Palomba, Valeria & Frazzica, Andrea, 2023. "Modeling of a bidirectional substation in a district heating network: Validation, dynamic analysis, and application to a solar prosumer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    18. Polyvianchuk, Andrii & Semenenko, Roman & Kapustenko, Petro & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Arsenyeva, Olga, 2023. "The efficiency of innovative technologies for transition to 4th generation of district heating systems in Ukraine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    19. Lund, Henrik & Duic, Neven & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2018. "Future district heating systems and technologies: On the role of smart energy systems and 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 614-619.
    20. Chu, Shunzhou & Sethuvenkatraman, Subbu & Goldsworthy, Mark & Yuan, Guofeng, 2022. "Techno-economic assessment of solar assisted precinct level heating systems with seasonal heat storage for Australian cities," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 841-853.

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