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The effects of forest harvest intensity in combination with wind disturbance on carbon dynamics in Lake States Mesic Forests

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  • Scheller, Robert M.
  • Hua, Dong
  • Bolstad, Paul V.
  • Birdsey, Richard A.
  • Mladenoff, David J.

Abstract

Total forest carbon (C) storage is determined by succession, disturbances, climate, and the edaphic properties of a site or region. Forest harvesting substantially affects C dynamics; these effects may be amplified if forest harvesting is intensified to provide biofuel feedstock. We tested the effects of harvest intensity on landscape C using a simulation modeling approach that included C dynamics, multiple disturbances, and successional changes in composition. We developed a new extension for the LANDIS-II forest landscape disturbance and succession model that incorporates belowground soil C dynamics derived from the CENTURY soil model. The extension was parameterized and calibrated using data from an experimental forest in northeastern Wisconsin, USA. We simulated a 9800ha forested landscape over 400 years with wind disturbance combined with no harvesting, harvesting with residual slash left on site (‘standard harvest’), and whole-tree harvesting. We also simulated landscapes without wind disturbance and without eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) to examine the effects of detrital quantity and quality on C dynamics. We estimated changes in live C, detrital C, soil organic C, total C, and forest composition. Overall, the simulations without harvesting had substantially greater total C and continued to sequester C. Standard harvest simulations had more C than the whole tree harvest simulations. Under both harvest regimes, C accrual was not evident after 150 years. Without hemlock, SOC was reduced due to a decline in detritus and a shift in detrital chemistry. In conclusion, if the intensity of harvesting increases we can expect a corresponding reduction in potential C storage. Compositional changes due to historic circumstances (loss of hemlock) may also affect forest C although to a lesser degree than harvesting. The modeling approach presented enabled us to consider multiple, interacting drivers of landscape change and the subsequent changes in forest C.

Suggested Citation

  • Scheller, Robert M. & Hua, Dong & Bolstad, Paul V. & Birdsey, Richard A. & Mladenoff, David J., 2011. "The effects of forest harvest intensity in combination with wind disturbance on carbon dynamics in Lake States Mesic Forests," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 222(1), pages 144-153.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:222:y:2011:i:1:p:144-153
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.09.009
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Scheller, Robert M. & Domingo, James B. & Sturtevant, Brian R. & Williams, Jeremy S. & Rudy, Arnold & Gustafson, Eric J. & Mladenoff, David J., 2007. "Design, development, and application of LANDIS-II, a spatial landscape simulation model with flexible temporal and spatial resolution," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 201(3), pages 409-419.
    2. Sebastiaan Luyssaert & E. -Detlef Schulze & Annett Börner & Alexander Knohl & Dominik Hessenmöller & Beverly E. Law & Philippe Ciais & John Grace, 2008. "Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks," Nature, Nature, vol. 455(7210), pages 213-215, September.
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    1. Smithwick, Erica A.H. & Lucash, Melissa S. & McCormack, M. Luke & Sivandran, Gajan, 2014. "Improving the representation of roots in terrestrial models," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 291(C), pages 193-204.
    2. Scheller, Robert & Kretchun, Alec & Hawbaker, Todd J. & Henne, Paul D., 2019. "A landscape model of variable social-ecological fire regimes," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 401(C), pages 85-93.
    3. Inglis, Nicole C. & Vukomanovic, Jelena, 2020. "Climate change disproportionately affects visual quality of cultural ecosystem services in a mountain region," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    4. Lucash, Melissa S. & Marshall, Adrienne M. & Weiss, Shelby A. & McNabb, John W. & Nicolsky, Dmitry J. & Flerchinger, Gerald N. & Link, Timothy E. & Vogel, Jason G. & Scheller, Robert M. & Abramoff, Ro, 2023. "Burning trees in frozen soil: Simulating fire, vegetation, soil, and hydrology in the boreal forests of Alaska," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 481(C).
    5. Miquelajauregui, Yosune & Cumming, Steven G. & Gauthier, Sylvie, 2019. "Short-term responses of boreal carbon stocks to climate change: A simulation study of black spruce forests," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 409(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Haga, Chihiro & Hotta, Wataru & Inoue, Takahiro & Matsui, Takanori & Aiba, Masahiro & Owari, Toshiaki & Suzuki, Satoshi N. & Shibata, Hideaki & Morimoto, Junko, 2022. "Modeling Tree Recovery in Wind-Disturbed Forests with Dense Understory Species under Climate Change," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 472(C).
    7. de Bruijn, Arjan & Gustafson, Eric J. & Sturtevant, Brian R. & Foster, Jane R. & Miranda, Brian R. & Lichti, Nathanael I. & Jacobs, Douglass F., 2014. "Toward more robust projections of forest landscape dynamics under novel environmental conditions: Embedding PnET within LANDIS-II," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 287(C), pages 44-57.
    8. Furniss, Tucker J. & Hessburg, Paul F. & Povak, Nicholas A. & Salter, R. Brion & Wigmosta, Mark S., 2022. "Predicting future patterns, processes, and their interactions: Benchmark calibration and validation procedures for forest landscape models," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 473(C).
    9. Wang, Fugui & Mladenoff, David J. & Forrester, Jodi A. & Keough, Cindy & Parton, William J., 2013. "Global sensitivity analysis of a modified CENTURY model for simulating impacts of harvesting fine woody biomass for bioenergy," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 259(C), pages 16-23.
    10. Karam, Sarah L. & Weisberg, Peter J. & Scheller, Robert M. & Johnson, Dale W. & Miller, W. Wally, 2013. "Development and evaluation of a nutrient cycling extension for the LANDIS-II landscape simulation model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 45-57.

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