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Reaching for the stars from the top of the ladder? Rank, gender, and future aspirations

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  • Goller, Daniel

Abstract

This article investigates how relative standing shapes later choices and outcomes. Using evidence from two very different settings, I show that being ranked higher in a group of peers tends to lead to better future outcomes, such as higher performance and earnings. However, this pattern is primarily observed for men and much less for women. One possible mechanism is lower subsequent ambition. Both studies show that a higher rank among peers leads women to choose less ambitious pathways. Interestingly, this reduction in ambition is primarily driven by the top-ranked women: those who could reach for the stars.

Suggested Citation

  • Goller, Daniel, 2026. "Reaching for the stars from the top of the ladder? Rank, gender, and future aspirations," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolet:v:265:y:2026:i:c:s0165176526002090
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2026.113015
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    JEL classification:

    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I26 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Returns to Education
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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