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Permanency outcomes of children in kinship and non-kinship foster care: Testing the external validity of kinship effects

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  • Koh, Eun

Abstract

The study investigates the permanency outcomes of children in kinship foster homes in comparison to children in non-kinship foster homes. To examine whether the effects of kinship placements are generalizable across states, the study utilizes the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) data obtained for five states that participated in the Fostering Court Improvement project: Arizona, Connecticut, Missouri, Ohio, and Tennessee. The study also addresses the issue of selection biases with the use of propensity score matching (PSM) methods. A partially longitudinal file was created from the states' AFCARS 6-month submissions from March 2000 to September 2005. The PSM method created the matched samples of the study, balancing the mean covariates between kin and non-kin children. Analyses of survival times were conducted to investigate the permanency outcomes of children in kinship and non-kinship foster homes, using unmatched and matched samples. In the study, permanency outcomes include legal permanence and placement stability. The study finds that the direction and the size of kinship effects vary across the states with respect to the outcome of legal permanence, but positive advantages of kinship placements are reported for placement stability in all five states. Implications of the findings for practice and policy are discussed.

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  • Koh, Eun, 2010. "Permanency outcomes of children in kinship and non-kinship foster care: Testing the external validity of kinship effects," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 389-398, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:32:y:2010:i:3:p:389-398
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    2. Sonia Hélie & Marie-Andrée Poirier & Tonino Esposito & Daniel Turcotte, 2017. "Placement Stability, Cumulative Time in Care, and Permanency: Using Administrative Data from CPS to Track Placement Trajectories," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-17, November.
    3. Lin, Ching-Hsuan, 2014. "Evaluating Services for Kinship Care Families: A Systematic Review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 32-41.
    4. del Valle, Jorge F. & Lázaro-Visa, Susana & López, Mónica & Bravo, Amaia, 2011. "Leaving family care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(12), pages 2475-2481.
    5. Kang, Hyunah & Chung, Ick-Joong & Chun, JongSerl & Nho, Choong Rai & Woo, Seokjin, 2014. "The outcomes of foster care in South Korea ten years after its foundation: A comparison with institutional care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 135-143.
    6. Elgin, Dallas J. & Sushinsky, Jonathan & Johnson, Andrew & Russo, Gretchen & Sewell, Tiffany, 2015. "Factors affecting permanency for legally free children & youth: A study of Colorado's legally free population across age groups, 2008–2014," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 60-67.
    7. Coleman, Kanisha L. & Wu, Qi, 2016. "Kinship care and service utilization: A review of predisposing, enabling, and need factors," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 201-210.
    8. Koh, Eun & Rolock, Nancy & Cross, Theodore P. & Eblen-Manning, Jennifer, 2014. "What explains instability in foster care? Comparison of a matched sample of children with stable and unstable placements," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 36-45.
    9. Cheng, Tyrone C. & Lo, Celia C., 2021. "With their children placed in kinship care, did parents get the services they needed?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    10. Lee, Daniel Hyung Jik & Huerta, Christina & Farmer, Elizabeth M.Z., 2021. "Kinship navigation: Facilitating permanency and equity for youth in child welfare," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    11. Wu, Qi & White, Kevin R. & Coleman, Kanisha L., 2015. "Effects of kinship care on behavioral problems by child age: A propensity score analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1-8.
    12. Kang, Hyunah & Woo, Seokjin & Chun, JongSerl & Nho, Choog Rai & Chung, Ick-Joong, 2017. "Developmental outcomes among Korean adolescents in out-of-home care: A longitudinal study comparing kinship foster care and institutional care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 118-124.
    13. Cavanaugh, Daniel L. & Sutherby, Carolyn G. & Sharda, Elizabeth & Hughes, Anne K. & Woodward, Amanda T., 2020. "The relationship between well-being and meaning-making in kinship caregivers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    14. Pac, Jessica, 2017. "The effect of monthly stipend on the placement instability of youths in out-of-home care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 111-123.
    15. Semanchin Jones, Annette & Kim, JaeRan & Hill, Katharine & Diebold, Josal, 2018. "Voluntary placements in child welfare: A comparative analysis of state statutes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 387-394.
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    21. Lovett, Nicholas & Xue, Yuhan, 2020. "Family first or the kindness of strangers? Foster care placements and adult outcomes," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).

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