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Prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic stress symptoms and depressive symptoms among Bangladeshi students during COVID-19 mandatory home confinement: A nationwide cross-sectional survey

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  • Sultana, Mst. Sadia
  • Khan, Abid Hasan
  • Hossain, Sahadat
  • Ansar, Adnan
  • Sikder, Md Tajuddin
  • Hasan, M. Tasdik

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought not only the risk of infection but also unbearable mental health difficulties with the concern of educational loss among students. This study explored the adverse impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Bangladeshi students’ mental health and detected potential influencing factors related to post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depressive symptoms. Convenience sampling was applied to collect data via online survey from 3997 college and university students between 29th May and 22nd July 2020. PHQ-9 and IES scales were used to assess depressive symptoms and PTSS, respectively. Of all participants, 52.87% had depressive symptoms and 40.91% had PTSS. Severe educational disruption was a risk factor for depressive symptoms (AOR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.37–2.06) and PTSS (AOR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.51–2.29). COVID-19 like symptoms including fever, cough, breathing difficulty and fatigue showed a stronger association with higher IES and PHQ-9 scores than other symptoms (e.g., diarrhea, sore throat) (p ≤ 0.01). Fear of infection and death by COVID-19 were risk factors for PTSS and depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.01). Recreational activity and regular physical exercise emerged as the most protective factors for depressive symptoms and PTSS. The mental health of students is significantly affected in this pandemic suggesting the need for adequate psychological support.

Suggested Citation

  • Sultana, Mst. Sadia & Khan, Abid Hasan & Hossain, Sahadat & Ansar, Adnan & Sikder, Md Tajuddin & Hasan, M. Tasdik, 2021. "Prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic stress symptoms and depressive symptoms among Bangladeshi students during COVID-19 mandatory home confinement: A nationwide cross-sectional survey," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:122:y:2021:i:c:s0190740920323021
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105880
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Md Akhtarul Islam & Sutapa Dey Barna & Hasin Raihan & Md Nafiul Alam Khan & Md Tanvir Hossain, 2020. "Depression and anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(8), pages 1-12, August.
    2. Yeasmin, Sabina & Banik, Rajon & Hossain, Sorif & Hossain, Md. Nazmul & Mahumud, Raju & Salma, Nahid & Hossain, Md. Moyazzem, 2020. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
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    1. Sultana, Mst. Sadia & Khan, Abid Hasan & Hossain, Sahadat & Hasan, M. Tasdik, 2021. "Mental health difficulties in students with suspected COVID-19 symptoms and students without suspected COVID-19 symptoms: A cross-sectional comparative study during the COVID-19 pandemic," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    2. Huma Akram & Maqsood H. Bhutto & Muhammad Salman Chughtai, 2022. "An analysis of business students’ stressors and their coping strategies in the post-pandemic era," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 49(2), pages 239-252, June.

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