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Prey-predator dynamics with adaptive hawk-dove strategies

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  • Karmakar, Souvick
  • Mondal, Nirmalya
  • Samanta, Guruprasad
  • Perc, Matjaž

Abstract

This study explores a prey-predator model in which prey individuals adapt strategies governed by the hawk-dove game, capturing the evolutionary consequences of strategic behavior under predation pressure. The model couples a replicator equation describing the evolution of prey strategies with differential equations representing the population dynamics of prey and predators. Fear effects induced by predators are incorporated into prey fitness, influencing their reproductive success. Our analysis reveals a wide range of complex dynamical behaviors, including codimension-one and codimension-two bifurcations, bistability, and saddle-node bifurcations of limit cycles. To assess the influence of model parameters, we perform sensitivity analysis using Latin hypercube sampling and partial rank correlation coefficients, identifying key drivers of system behavior. We also examine density variations in prey and predator populations to further characterize the system’s intricate dynamics. Numerical simulations support and further illustrate the theoretical results.

Suggested Citation

  • Karmakar, Souvick & Mondal, Nirmalya & Samanta, Guruprasad & Perc, Matjaž, 2025. "Prey-predator dynamics with adaptive hawk-dove strategies," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 200(P1).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:200:y:2025:i:p1:s0960077925009476
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2025.116934
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sourav Roy & Sayantan Nag Chowdhury & Prakash Chandra Mali & Matjaž Perc & Dibakar Ghosh, 2022. "Eco-evolutionary dynamics of multigames with mutations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(8), pages 1-26, August.
    2. Sahoo, Debgopal & Samanta, Guruprasad, 2023. "Modeling cooperative evolution in prey species using the snowdrift game with evolutionary impact on prey–predator dynamics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
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    6. Zhang, Huisen & Cai, Yongli & Fu, Shengmao & Wang, Weiming, 2019. "Impact of the fear effect in a prey-predator model incorporating a prey refuge," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 356(C), pages 328-337.
    7. Das, Bijoy Kumar & Sahoo, Debgopal & Samanta, G.P., 2022. "Impact of fear in a delay-induced predator–prey system with intraspecific competition within predator species," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 134-156.
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    1. Maji, Mitali & Kumar, Mohit & Khajanchi, Subhas & Ghosh, Dibakar, 2026. "Persistence and extinction in an Elk-Wolf prey-predator system with refuge and inter-regional movement," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 514(C).

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