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Reactivity of novel high-performance fuels on commercial three-way catalysts for control of emissions from spark-ignition engines

Author

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  • Sinha Majumdar, Sreshtha
  • Pihl, Josh A.
  • Toops, Todd J.

Abstract

The Department of Energy “Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines” initiative aims to simultaneously develop novel high-performance fuels with advanced engine designs to reduce petroleum consumption. To achieve commercialization, advanced engines running on alternative fuels still must meet emissions regulations. Warm three-way catalysts (TWC) are very effective at meeting the stringent emissions regulations on pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane organic gases (NMOG) and carbon monoxide (CO) from gasoline-fueled spark-ignition (SI) engines operating under stoichiometric conditions; thus, most SI engine emissions occur during cold-start, when the TWC has not yet achieved light-off. In the current study, the light-off behavior of novel high-performance fuel candidates has been investigated on a hydrothermally-aged commercial TWC using a synthetic engine-exhaust flow reactor system according to industry guidelines. Over 30 potential fuel components were examined in this study, including alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, ketones, esters, aromatic ethers, and non-oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Short-chain acyclic oxygenates, including alcohols, ketones, and esters, tended to light off at relatively low temperatures, while alkenes, aromatics, and cyclic oxygenates tended to light off at relatively high temperatures. The light-off behavior of alkanes and alkenes depended strongly on their size and structure. In terms of the influence on CO light-off on the TWC, the fuels fell into two distinct categories: (i) non-inhibiting species including C2-C3 alcohols, alkanes, acyclic ketones, and esters; and (ii) inhibiting species including alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclic oxygenates, and C4 alcohols.

Suggested Citation

  • Sinha Majumdar, Sreshtha & Pihl, Josh A. & Toops, Todd J., 2019. "Reactivity of novel high-performance fuels on commercial three-way catalysts for control of emissions from spark-ignition engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:255:y:2019:i:c:s0306261919313273
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113640
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Han, Dandan & E, Jiaqiang & Deng, Yuanwang & Chen, Jingwei & Leng, Erwei & Liao, Gaoliang & Zhao, Xiaohuan & Feng, Changling & Zhang, Feng, 2021. "A review of studies using hydrocarbon adsorption material for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from cold start of gasoline engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    2. Michael Bohm & Josef Stetina & David Svida, 2022. "Exhaust Gas Temperature Pulsations of a Gasoline Engine and Its Stabilization Using Thermal Energy Storage System to Reduce Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Rakopoulos, Constantine D. & Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C. & Kosmadakis, George M. & Zannis, Theodoros C. & Kyritsis, Dimitrios C., 2023. "Studying the cyclic variability (CCV) of performance and NO and CO emissions in a methane-run high-speed SI engine via quasi-dimensional turbulent combustion modeling and two CCV influencing mechanism," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    4. Guille des Buttes, Alice & Jeanneret, Bruno & Kéromnès, Alan & Le Moyne, Luis & Pélissier, Serge, 2020. "Energy management strategy to reduce pollutant emissions during the catalyst light-off of parallel hybrid vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    5. Zhang, Bin & Li, Xuewei & Wan, Qin & Liu, Bo & Jia, Guohai & Yin, Zibin, 2023. "Hydrocarbon emission control of an adsorptive catalytic gasoline particulate filter during cold-start period of the gasoline engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).

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