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Straw measures attenuate the differences in surface-subsurface flow and sediment yield under four rainfall patterns on red soil sloping farmlands of southern China

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Listed:
  • Dengchun, Wen
  • Yaojun, Liu
  • Taoxi, Li
  • Gang, Sun
  • Liqian, Liu
  • Jian, Duan

Abstract

The intra-event dynamics of rainfall processes significantly alter surface-subsurface flow generation and sediment yield on sloping farmland. However, the effectiveness of straw mulching in regulating these rainfall-induced erosion processes remains inadequately understood. Over a 5-year observation period in this study, 127 rainfall events were classified into advanced (AP), intermediate (IP), delayed (DP), and uniform (UP) patterns. AP events, characterized by the highest intensity and shorter duration, whereas DP, with the greatest total rainfall and longest duration, also drove severe runoff and soil loss. Straw mulching attenuates the hydrological and sedimentary disparities induced by different rainfall patterns. Under AP rainfalls, compared with plowing bare land, tillage with straw mulching (TSM) reduced surface runoff rate (SFR) and sentiment concentration (SC) by 78.6 %, 97.1 %, respectively, and increased subsurface flow rate (SSFR) by 1.9 times. Power function analyses revealed that rainfall intensity patterns and straw mulching jointly shaped rainfall-runoff-erosion coupling, with measures with straw maintaining flatter relationships that stabilized hydrological and sediment responses under variable and extreme storms. By increasing subsurface flow and soil water content, the straw mulching strengthens soil water management and increases water availability, which enhances the climate adaptability and resilience of sloping farmlands under the increased frequency of extreme rainfall and drought events.

Suggested Citation

  • Dengchun, Wen & Yaojun, Liu & Taoxi, Li & Gang, Sun & Liqian, Liu & Jian, Duan, 2025. "Straw measures attenuate the differences in surface-subsurface flow and sediment yield under four rainfall patterns on red soil sloping farmlands of southern China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:321:y:2025:i:c:s0378377425006080
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109894
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jian Duan & Jie Yang & Chongjun Tang & Lihua Chen & Yaojun Liu & Lingyun Wang, 2017. "Effects of rainfall patterns and land cover on the subsurface flow generation of sloping Ferralsols in southern China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Dai, Cuiting & Liu, Yaojun & Wang, Tianwei & Li, Zhaoxia & Zhou, Yiwen, 2018. "Exploring optimal measures to reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses in southern China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 41-48.
    3. Luis Eduardo Akiyoshi Sanches Suzuki & Dalvan José Reinert & Marlene Cristina Alves & José Miguel Reichert, 2022. "Medium-Term No-Tillage, Additional Compaction, and Chiseling as Affecting Clayey Subtropical Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Corn, Soybean and Wheat Crops," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-18, August.
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