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Effects of drip irrigation timing and water temperature on soil conditions, cotton phenological period, and fiber quality under plastic film mulching

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  • Wen, Yue
  • Wu, Xiaodi
  • Liu, Jian
  • Zhang, Jinzhu
  • Song, Libing
  • Zhu, Yan
  • Li, Wenhao
  • Wang, Zhenhua

Abstract

In order to harness the ample solar energy resources and minimize conflicts in drip irrigation schedules, a field experiment was conducted in Xinjiang, northwest China, during 2020 and 2021. The study examined the combined effects of two irrigation timing (daytime - DI and nighttime - NI) and four water temperatures (15, 20, 25, and 30 °C), resulting in eight treatment combinations. The analysis focused on evaluating the impacts of these factors on soil conditions, cotton phenological period, reproductive growth, and fiber quality. Results showed that elevating the irrigation water temperature had a notable impact on soil respiration throughout the different growth stages. The treatment with an irrigation water temperature of 30 °C exhibited a substantial increase in soil respiration, ranging from 17.92% to 45.95%, when compared to conventional irrigation with water temperature at 15 °C. The elevation of irrigation water temperature resulted in notable reductions in soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen levels. Specifically, the treatment with irrigation water temperature set at 30 °C exhibited an average decrease of 21.69% and 19.27% in soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen content, respectively, compared to the 15 °C treatment in both years. Nighttime irrigation with increased water temperatures of 20, 25, and 30 °C advanced the onset of the boll opening stage and stimulated the reproductive growth of cotton. Conversely, irrigation with regular water temperature (15 °C) decreased the number of bolls during the early boll-forming period, as well as and the peak number of squares and flowers. However, it resulted in an increased number of bolls during the late boll-forming period. Surprisingly, despite the enhancement in fiber strength and elongation due to water-warming irrigation, it unexpectedly led to a decrease in fiber length and uniformity. Moreover, higher irrigation water temperatures (25 and 30 °C) even resulted in poor levels (> 5.0) of micronaire. Nevertheless, nighttime warming irrigation improved all other fiber qualities except for uniformity. Therefore, when considering the application of water-warming irrigation in arid regions under mulched drip systems, careful selection of irrigation timing and water temperatures is necessary, taking into account the desired fiber quality. This study serves as a valuable technical reference for such irrigation practices.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen, Yue & Wu, Xiaodi & Liu, Jian & Zhang, Jinzhu & Song, Libing & Zhu, Yan & Li, Wenhao & Wang, Zhenhua, 2023. "Effects of drip irrigation timing and water temperature on soil conditions, cotton phenological period, and fiber quality under plastic film mulching," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:287:y:2023:i:c:s0378377423003001
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108435
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ul-Allah, Sami & Rehman, Abdul & Hussain, Mubshar & Farooq, Muhammad, 2021. "Fiber yield and quality in cotton under drought: Effects and management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    2. Himanshu, Sushil Kumar & Ale, Srinivasulu & Bordovsky, James & Darapuneni, Murali, 2019. "Evaluation of crop-growth-stage-based deficit irrigation strategies for cotton production in the Southern High Plains," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    3. Zong, Rui & Wang, Zhenhua & Wu, Qiang & Guo, Li & Lin, Henry, 2020. "Characteristics of carbon emissions in cotton fields under mulched drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    4. Qunying Luo & Michael Bange & David Johnston, 2016. "Environment and cotton fibre quality," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 138(1), pages 207-221, September.
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