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Finanzsektor: Frauenanteile in Spitzengremien bleiben gering

Author

Listed:
  • Elke Holst
  • Anja Kirsch

Abstract

At the end of 2014, women were no better represented on the top decision-making bodies of enterprises in the financial sector than the previous year. The share of women on the executive boards of the 100 largest banks and savings banks remained at an average of almost seven percent and on the executive boards of the 60 largest insurance companies at 8.5 percent. On supervisory boards, change was slow at best: Although the share of women in financial institutions was almost 18 percent and a good 17 percent among insurance companies, only decimal point increases could be observed. In public sector banks and savings banks, however, female representation on supervisory boards was greater than in the previous year: at almost 19 percent, the financial institutions in this sector are roughly on a par with private banks (a good 18 percent). Overall, the majority of women on supervisory boards are still employee representatives but shareholders have appointed considerably more women to supervisory boards in recent years. At European level, relatively few women were represented on the Council of the European Central Bank and on decision-making bodies of the national central banks, although there are significant differences across countries. Planned legislation on the equal participation of women and men in leadership positions in the private and public sectors aims to increase the proportion of women on supervisory boards of listed companies subject to codetermination regulations in Germany. The persistence of current structures could be greater in the financial sector than in the top 200 companies: Even though over half of financial sector employees are women, the share of women on the supervisory boards of financial institutions increased on average by less than 0.4 percentage points per year in the period 2006 to 2014, compared to 1.3 percentage points in the top 200 companies. In den Spitzengremien von Unternehmen des Finanzsektors waren Frauen Ende des Jahres 2014 kaum häufiger vertreten als ein Jahr zuvor. In den Vorständen der 100 größten Banken und Sparkassen verharrte der Frauenanteil bei durchschnittlich knapp sieben Prozent und in den Vorständen der 60 größten Versicherungen bei 8,5 Prozent. In den Aufsichtsräten verlief die Entwicklung bestenfalls schleppend: Der Frauenanteil betrug 18 Prozent bei den Geldinstituten und gut 17 Prozent bei den Versicherungen – die Zuwächse gegenüber dem Vorjahr lagen lediglich im Nachkommabereich. In den öffentlich-rechtlichen Banken und Sparkassen waren Frauen indes häufiger in den Aufsichtsgremien vertreten als im Jahr zuvor: Mit einem Frauenanteil von knapp 19 Prozent liegen die Geldinstitute dieses Bereichs ungefähr gleichauf mit den privaten Banken (gut 18 Prozent). Insgesamt stellen die Arbeitnehmervertreterinnen nach wie vor die Mehrheit der Aufsichtsrätinnen, allerdings hat die Kapitalseite in den vergangenen Jahren deutlich aufgeholt. Auf europäischer Ebene waren im Rat der Europäischen Zentralbank und in den Entscheidungsgremien der nationalen Zentralbanken ebenfalls vergleichsweise wenige Frauen vertreten, wobei es im Ländervergleich deutliche Unterschiede gibt. Das geplante „Gesetz für die gleichberechtigte Teilhabe von Frauen und Männern an Führungspositionen in der Privatwirtschaft und im öffentlichen Dienst“ soll die Frauenanteile insbesondere in den Aufsichtsräten börsennotierter und mitbestimmungspflichtiger Unternehmen in Deutschland erhöhen. Die Hartnäckigkeit der Strukturen könnte im Finanzsektor noch größer sein als etwa in den Top-200- Unternehmen: Obwohl mehr als die Hälfte der Beschäftigten im Finanzsektor Frauen sind, nahm der Anteil der Aufsichtsrätinnen in den Banken zwischen 2006 und 2014 jahresdurchschnittlich um weniger als 0,4 Prozentpunkte zu - gegenüber 1,3 Prozentpunkten in den Top-200-Unternehmen.

Suggested Citation

  • Elke Holst & Anja Kirsch, 2015. "Finanzsektor: Frauenanteile in Spitzengremien bleiben gering," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(4), pages 62-71.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:82-4-3
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial sector; board diversity; women CEOs; gender equality; gender quota; management; public and private banks; insurance companies; central banks;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J78 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Public Policy (including comparable worth)
    • L32 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Public Enterprises; Public-Private Enterprises
    • M14 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Corporate Culture; Diversity; Social Responsibility
    • M51 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics - - - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions

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