Author
Listed:
- Fabian Beckmann
- Fabian Hoose
Abstract
The forms of work in the platform economy pose major challenges to established actors and institutions of industrial relations. Since platform work is performed beyond contractual ties and physical enterprises and is often part of volatile employment patterns on an individual level, it breaks with key features of regular employment. While previous research has mainly focused on empirical studies of institutionalization processes in food delivery services, this article has two aims: First, it identifies the structural challenges of industrial relations and collective interest representation in platform work and discusses conflicts, processes of (de)institutionalization and actor constellations. Second, based on an online survey amongst platform selfemployed in Germany, it explores the problem perceptions and organizing preferences of this group of workers and the implications for future forms of collective labor regulation. The findings suggest considerable organizing potential, although the market and information power of platform companies is perceived uncritically by the majority. In the medium term, given the structural peculiarities of this area of employment, the collective regulation of platform work is likely to be characterized by general segmentation and selective institutionalization, and hence, follow the paths of the “analogue” working world. Die Arbeitsformen in der Plattformökonomie stellen etablierte Akteure und Institutionen der Arbeitsbeziehungen vor große Herausforderungen. Plattformarbeit bricht mit zentralen Merkmalen regulärer Beschäftigung, da sie jenseits arbeitsvertraglicher Bindungen und physischer Betriebe geleistet wird und volatil in individuelle Erwerbsarrangements eingebettet ist. Während die bisherige Forschung vor allem Institutionalisierungsprozesse bei Essenslieferdiensten empirisch beleuchtet und Organisierungspotentiale theoretisch hergeleitet hat, verfolgt der Beitrag zwei Ziele: Zum einen werden die strukturellen Herausforderungen sozialpartnerschaftlicher Arrangements bei Plattformarbeit herausgearbeitet und Konfliktgegenstände, Prozesse der (De‐)Institutionalisierung sowie Akteurskonstellationen dargestellt. Zum anderen wird auf Basis einer Online- Erhebung unter Plattformselbstständigen in Deutschland explorativ beleuchtet, welche Problemwahrnehmungen und Organisierungspräferenzen sich in dieser Erwerbsgruppe finden und in welchem Maße sich hieraus Implikationen für zukünftige Formen kollektiver Arbeitsregulierung ableiten lassen. Die Ergebnisse lassen substanzielle Organisierungspotentiale vermuten, obgleich die Markt- und Informationsmacht der Plattformunternehmen mehrheitlich unkritisch gesehen wird. Mittelfristig dürfte die kollektive Regulierung von Plattformarbeit mehr durch Segmentierung als durch flächendeckende Institutionalisierung charakterisiert sein und somit den Entwicklungspfaden der „analogen“ Arbeitswelt folgen.
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JEL classification:
- A14 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Sociology of Economics
- J50 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - General
- J51 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Trade Unions: Objectives, Structure, and Effects
- J83 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Standards - - - Workers' Rights
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