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Taxation of E-Commerce: Persistent Problems and Recent Developments

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  • Stefan Bach
  • Markus Hubbert
  • Walter Müller

Abstract

E-commerce on the Internet will create new demands on taxation. In the field of income and business taxation there exists a large potential for profit-shifting into low-tax countries, especially concerning transfers of immaterial goods and transfer pricing. In the long run, this can lead to a severe revenue shortfall. Turnover taxation/VAT raise problems if foreign suppliers sell electronic products or services to final consumers online. VAT should be charged in the country where the consumption takes place, which is currently not the case. Otherwise, distortions of competition and unjust effects of taxation will become more comprehensive. This requires special technical solutions and closer international co-operation among taxation authorities. As a basic principle, e-commerce should not enjoy tax privileges. Rather, it should compete against the traditional economy on the basis of its specific advantages, which, on the other hand, should not be impeded by undue taxation procedures. E-Commerce über das Internet bedeutet neue Herausforderungen für die Besteuerung. Im Bereich der Einkommens- und Unternehmensbesteuerung entsteht ein großes Potential zur Verlagerung von Einkünften in Niedrigsteuerländer, insbesondere durch Gestaltung von Verrechnungspreisen und durch Übertragung von immateriellen Wirtschaftsgütern. Längerfristig sind dadurch erhebliche Steuerausfälle zu befürchten. Bei der Umsatzsteuer (Mehrwertsteuer) entstehen Probleme, wenn ausländische Anbieter an inländische Endverbraucher elektronische Produkte oder Dienstleistungen online verkaufen. Die Mehrwertsteuer sollte in dem Land erhoben werden, wo der Verbrauch stattfindet, was gegenwärtig nicht der Fall ist, andernfalls drohen Wettbewerbsverfälschungen und ungerechte Steuerbelastungen. Dies erfordert besondere technische Lösungen sowie eine verstärkte internationale Kooperation der Finanzbehörden. Grundsätzlich sollte der e-commerce nicht steuerlich privilegiert werden, sondern sich aufgrund seiner spezifischen Wettbewerbsvorteile durchsetzen, andererseits sollte er aber auch nicht durch aufwendige steuertechnische Anforderungen behindert werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Bach & Markus Hubbert & Walter Müller, 2000. "Taxation of E-Commerce: Persistent Problems and Recent Developments," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 69(4), pages 657-678.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:69-40-13
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.69.4.657
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Austan Goolsbee, 2000. "In a World Without Borders: The Impact of Taxes on Internet Commerce," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 115(2), pages 561-576.
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