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Expanding, Complementing, or Substituting Multilateralism? EU Preferential Trade Agreements in the Migration Regime Complex

Author

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  • Paula Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik

    (Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Geneva, Switzerland / Cologne Center for Comparative Politics, University of Cologne, Germany)

  • Sandra Lavenex

    (Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Geneva, Switzerland)

  • Philipp Lutz

    (Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Intense pressure for international solutions and weak support for multilateral cooperation have led the EU to increasingly rely on its strongest foreign policy tool in the pursuit of migration policy goals: preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Starting from the fragmentary architecture of the migration regime complex we examine how the relevant content of the EU PTAs relates to multilateral institutions. Depending on the constellation of policy objectives, EU competence, and international interdependence, we propose a set of hypotheses regarding the conditions under which EU bilateral outreach via PTAs expands, complements, or substitutes international norms. Based on an original dataset of migration provisions in all EU PTAs signed between 1960 and 2020, we find that the migration policy content in EU PTAs expands or complements the objectives of multilateral institutions only to a very limited extent. Instead, the predominant constellation is one of substitution in which the EU uses its PTAs to promote migration policy objectives that depart from those of existing multilateral institutions.

Suggested Citation

  • Paula Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik & Sandra Lavenex & Philipp Lutz, 2023. "Expanding, Complementing, or Substituting Multilateralism? EU Preferential Trade Agreements in the Migration Regime Complex," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(2), pages 49-61.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:poango:v11:y:2023:i:2:p:49-61
    DOI: 10.17645/pag.v11i2.6341
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sandra Lavenex, 2018. "‘Failing Forward’ Towards Which Europe? Organized Hypocrisy in the Common European Asylum System," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 56(5), pages 1195-1212, July.
    2. Ian Manners, 2002. "Normative Power Europe: A Contradiction in Terms?," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(2), pages 235-258, June.
    3. Damian Raess & Dora Sari, 2018. "Labor Provisions in Trade Agreements (LABPTA): Introducing a New Dataset," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 9(4), pages 451-466, November.
    4. Karen J. Alter, 2022. "The promise and perils of theorizing international regime complexity in an evolving world," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 375-396, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tom Delreux & Joseph Earsom, 2023. "The European Union as an Actor Navigating International Regime Complexes," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(2), pages 1-5.
    2. Sandra Lavenex & Philipp Lutz & Paula Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik, 2024. "Migration governance through trade agreements: insights from the MITA dataset," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 147-173, January.

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