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Forest energy procurement: state of the art in Finland and Sweden

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  • Johanna Routa
  • Antti Asikainen
  • Rolf Björheden
  • Juha Laitila
  • Dominik Röser

Abstract

The EU should produce 20% of their energy from renewable sources, including bioenergy, by 2020. Each member state has their own target, for example, Finland should produce 38% and Sweden 49% of their energy from renewable sources by 2020. In this context, the development of forest energy utilization and more effective and economic supply systems plays an important role in both countries. The Nordic countries are the world leaders in the utilization of forest biomass for energy production. This paper provides a short overview of the driving forces behind the current technical solutions of forest energy procurement systems in Finland and Sweden and some perspectives on possible future developments. At the moment, the by‐products from forest industries (e.g., sawdust, black liquor) have a high degree of utilization in both countries. Additional raw materials for energy production include logging residues, stump and root wood, small diameter wood, and other wood not in demand by the traditional forest industries. Forest energy supply chains may be characterized based on the location of comminution into roadside comminution, terminal comminution, or comminution at a plant. The productivity of the generally highly sophisticated and costly procurement machinery is, to a large extent, dependent on the operator's skills and thus new technological solutions should be developed to improve their usability and consequently efficiency. This article is categorized under: Bioenergy > Economics and Policy

Suggested Citation

  • Johanna Routa & Antti Asikainen & Rolf Björheden & Juha Laitila & Dominik Röser, 2013. "Forest energy procurement: state of the art in Finland and Sweden," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 2(6), pages 602-613, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:wireae:v:2:y:2013:i:6:p:602-613
    DOI: 10.1002/wene.24
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    1. Eliasson, Lars & Eriksson, Anders & Mohtashami, Sima, 2017. "Analysis of factors affecting productivity and costs for a high-performance chip supply system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 497-505.
    2. Barrette, Julie & Thiffault, Evelyne & Achim, Alexis & Junginger, Martin & Pothier, David & De Grandpré, Louis, 2017. "A financial analysis of the potential of dead trees from the boreal forest of eastern Canada to serve as feedstock for wood pellet export," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 410-425.
    3. Windisch, Johannes & Väätäinen, Kari & Anttila, Perttu & Nivala, Mikko & Laitila, Juha & Asikainen, Antti & Sikanen, Lauri, 2015. "Discrete-event simulation of an information-based raw material allocation process for increasing the efficiency of an energy wood supply chain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 315-325.
    4. Jeannette Eggers & Ylva Melin & Johanna Lundström & Dan Bergström & Karin Öhman, 2020. "Management Strategies for Wood Fuel Harvesting—Trade-Offs with Biodiversity and Forest Ecosystem Services," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-20, May.
    5. Sathre, Roger & Gustavsson, Leif & Truong, Nguyen Le, 2017. "Climate effects of electricity production fuelled by coal, forest slash and municipal solid waste with and without carbon capture," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 711-723.
    6. Gustavsson, Leif & Truong, Nguyen Le, 2016. "Bioenergy pathways for cars: Effects on primary energy use, climate change and energy system integration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P3), pages 1779-1789.
    7. Prinz, Robert & Väätäinen, Kari & Laitila, Juha & Sikanen, Lauri & Asikainen, Antti, 2019. "Analysis of energy efficiency of forest chip supply systems using discrete-event simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1369-1380.
    8. Kühmaier, Martin & Erber, Gernot & Kanzian, Christian & Holzleitner, Franz & Stampfer, Karl, 2016. "Comparison of costs of different terminal layouts for fuel wood storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 544-551.
    9. Evelyne Thiffault & Ariane Béchard & David Paré & Darren Allen, 2015. "Recovery rate of harvest residues for bioenergy in boreal and temperate forests: A review," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 4(5), pages 429-451, September.
    10. Gustavsson, Leif & Haus, Sylvia & Ortiz, Carina A. & Sathre, Roger & Truong, Nguyen Le, 2015. "Climate effects of bioenergy from forest residues in comparison to fossil energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 36-50.
    11. Lindroos, Tomi J. & Mäki, Elina & Koponen, Kati & Hannula, Ilkka & Kiviluoma, Juha & Raitila, Jyrki, 2021. "Replacing fossil fuels with bioenergy in district heating – Comparison of technology options," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    12. Ghaffariyan, Mohammad Reza & Brown, Mark & Acuna, Mauricio & Sessions, John & Gallagher, Tom & Kühmaier, Martin & Spinelli, Raffaele & Visser, Rien & Devlin, Ger & Eliasson, Lars & Laitila, Juha & Lai, 2017. "An international review of the most productive and cost effective forest biomass recovery technologies and supply chains," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 145-158.
    13. Awais, Fawad & Flodén, Jonas & Svanberg, Martin, 2021. "Logistic characteristics and requirements of Swedish wood biofuel heating plants," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    14. Mosayeb Dashtpeyma & Reza Ghodsi, 2021. "Forest Biomass and Bioenergy Supply Chain Resilience: A Systematic Literature Review on the Barriers and Enablers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-21, June.
    15. Cleary, Julian & Wolf, Derek P. & Caspersen, John P., 2015. "Comparing the life cycle costs of using harvest residue as feedstock for small- and large-scale bioenergy systems (part II)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 539-547.
    16. Jin Zhang & Rong-Gang Cong & Berit Hasler, 2018. "Sustainable Management of Oleaginous Trees as a Source for Renewable Energy Supply and Climate Change Mitigation: A Case Study in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-23, May.
    17. Mirkouei, Amin & Haapala, Karl R. & Sessions, John & Murthy, Ganti S., 2017. "A review and future directions in techno-economic modeling and optimization of upstream forest biomass to bio-oil supply chains," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 15-35.

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