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Urban Form and Job Access: Disparate Realities in the Randstad

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  • Maarten Van Ham
  • Pieter Hooimeijer
  • Clara H. Mulder

Abstract

Deconcentration of employment is the driving force behind the rise of the complex urban forms of the polycentric city and the polynucleated metropolis. It is often assumed that the deconcentration process improves job access for average and highly skilled workers, allowing them to move to peripheral residential locations and triggering a new round of urban sprawl. It is also hypothesised that access to suitable job opportunities is withheld from low‐skilled workers living in inner‐city neighbourhoods as a result of the deconcentration of low‐skilled employment beyond their commuting tolerance. In this contribution we illustrate how network‐oriented GIS provides an instrument to enable the evaluation of the job access of residential locations at varying levels of commuting tolerance and for various types of employment. Application of this instrument to the metropolitan area of the Randstad shows that suburban locations in between major employment centres are clearly superior for households with highly skilled workers, making urban sprawl towards residential locations outside the Randstad unlikely. It is also shown that for poorly skilled workers with limited commuting tolerance the central city is still the best place to live.

Suggested Citation

  • Maarten Van Ham & Pieter Hooimeijer & Clara H. Mulder, 2001. "Urban Form and Job Access: Disparate Realities in the Randstad," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 92(2), pages 231-246, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:tvecsg:v:92:y:2001:i:2:p:231-246
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-9663.00152
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. David Martín-Barroso & Juan A. Núñez-Serrano & Francisco J. Velázquez, 2015. "The Effect Of Accessibility On Productivity In Spanish Manufacturing Firms," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(5), pages 708-735, November.
    2. Peteke Feijten & Pieter Hooimeijer & Clara H. Mulder, 2008. "Residential Experience and Residential Environment Choice over the Life-course," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45(1), pages 141-162, January.
    3. David, Martín-Barroso & Juan Andres, Nuñez & Francisco J., Velazquez, 2013. "The efect on firms' Productivity of accessibility. The Spanish manufacturung sector," MPRA Paper 45842, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Otto Raspe & Frank Van Oort & Martijn Burger, 2006. "Economic Networks and Urban Complementarities in the Dutch Randstad Region," ERSA conference papers ersa06p827, European Regional Science Association.
    5. Tammaru, Tiit & Strömgren, Magnus & van Ham, Maarten & Danzer, Alexander M., 2015. "Gender Differences in the Effect of Residential Segregation on Workplace Segregation among Newly Arrived Immigrants," IZA Discussion Papers 8932, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Tim Schwanen & Martin Dijst & Frans M. Dieleman, 2004. "Policies for Urban Form and their Impact on Travel: The Netherlands Experience," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 41(3), pages 579-603, March.
    7. Andrea De Montis & Simone Caschili & Daniele Trogu, 2014. "Spatial organization and accessibility: a study of US counties," Chapters, in: Ana Condeço-Melhorado & Aura Reggiani & Javier Gutiérrez (ed.), Accessibility and Spatial Interaction, chapter 6, pages 113-132, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    8. David Manley & Maarten van Ham, 2011. "Living in deprived neighbourhoods in Scotland. Occupational mobility and neighbourhood effects," ERSA conference papers ersa10p547, European Regional Science Association.
    9. van Ham, Maarten & Manley, David, 2009. "The Effect of Neighbourhood Housing Tenure Mix on Labour Market Outcomes: A Longitudinal Perspective," IZA Discussion Papers 4094, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Buchel, Felix & van Ham, Maarten, 2003. "Overeducation, regional labor markets, and spatial flexibility," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 482-493, May.
    11. Maarten van Ham & Clara H. Mulder & Pieter Hooimeijer, 2001. "Local Underemployment and the Discouraged Worker Effect," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 38(10), pages 1733-1751, September.
    12. Donald Houston, 2005. "Employability, Skills Mismatch and Spatial Mismatch in Metropolitan Labour Markets," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(2), pages 221-243, February.
    13. van Ham, Maarten & Manley, David, 2013. "Occupational Mobility and Living in Deprived Neighbourhoods: Housing Tenure Differences in 'Neighbourhood Effects'," IZA Discussion Papers 7815, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Roselinde Wiel & Niels Kooiman & Clara H. Mulder, 2021. "Family Complexity and Parents’ Migration: The Role of Repartnering and Distance to Non-Resident Children," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 37(4), pages 877-907, November.
    15. Edmund J Zolnik, 2011. "The Effects of Sprawl on Private-Vehicle Commuting Distances and Times," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 38(6), pages 1071-1084, December.
    16. Petrović, Ana & Manley, David & van Ham, Maarten, 2018. "Freedom from the Tyranny of Neighbourhood: Rethinking Socio-Spatial Context Effects," IZA Discussion Papers 11416, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Maarten van Ham & Clara H Mulder & Pieter Hooimeijer, 2001. "Spatial Flexibility in Job Mobility: Macrolevel Opportunities and Microlevel Restrictions," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 33(5), pages 921-940, May.

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