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Power Sector Reforms and Technical Performance: Good News from an Instrumental Variable Analysis

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  • Johannes Urpelainen
  • Joonseok Yang
  • Di Liu

Abstract

Over the past three decades, various power sector reforms have overhauled the governance of electricity generation, transmission, and distribution in almost a hundred countries. Have these reforms produced benefits? Using instrumental variables, we improve upon earlier studies and demonstrate that power sector reforms enacted between 1982 and 2008 have both had large positive effects on the availability of generation capacity and reduced transmission and distribution losses. We also show that the positive effects on generation capacity are pronounced in developing countries and that hybrid reforms falling short of privatization and free competition are effective in improving generation capacity in particular. Overall, the results show that these reforms are an effective tool to remove an important constraint on economic growth.ç”µåŠ›éƒ¨é—¨æ”¹é ©å’ŒæŠ€æœ¯æ€§èƒ½ï¼šæ ¥è‡ªå·¥å…·å ˜é‡ åˆ†æž çš„å¥½æ¶ˆæ ¯ 过去三å 多年间, ç”µåŠ›éƒ¨é—¨çš„å „ç§ æ”¹é ©å·²å…¨é ¢æ”¹å ˜äº†è¿‘ä¸€ç™¾å¹´é—´æœ‰å…³ç”µåŠ›ç”Ÿäº§ã€ ä¼ è¾“å’Œåˆ†é… çš„æ²»ç †ã€‚ç„¶è€Œ, è¿™äº›æ”¹é ©äº§ç”Ÿç›Šå¤„äº†å —ï¼Ÿé€šè¿‡ä½¿ç”¨å·¥å…·å ˜é‡ , æœ¬æ–‡å¯¹ä¹‹å‰ çš„ç ”ç©¶è¿›è¡Œäº†æ”¹è‰¯, å¹¶è¯ æ˜Žäº†ä»Ž 1982 到 2008 å¹´é—´æ‹Ÿå®šçš„ç”µåŠ›éƒ¨é—¨æ”¹é ©ä¸ ä»…å¯¹ç”µåŠ›ç”Ÿäº§èƒ½åŠ›çš„å ¯ç”¨æ€§äº§ç”Ÿäº†å¤§å¹…åº¦ç§¯æž å½±å“ , è¿˜å‡ å°‘äº†ç”µåŠ›ä¼ è¾“æ Ÿå¤±å’Œåˆ†é… æ Ÿå¤±ã€‚æœ¬æ–‡å Œæ—¶è¡¨æ˜Ž, å¯¹ç”µåŠ›ç”Ÿäº§èƒ½åŠ›äº§ç”Ÿçš„ç§¯æž å½±å“ åœ¨å ‘å±•ä¸­å›½å®¶å 分显著, å¹¶ä¸”ç¼ºå°‘ç§ æœ‰åŒ–å’Œè‡ªç”±ç«žäº‰çš„æ··å ˆåž‹æ”¹é ©ï¼ˆhybrid reform）尤其在æ 高电力生产能力上å 分有效。总而言之, ç ”ç©¶ç»“æžœæ˜¾ç¤º, è¿™äº›æ”¹é ©æ˜¯ç§»é™¤ç» æµŽå¢žé•¿é™ åˆ¶çš„æœ‰åŠ›å·¥å…·ã€‚Reformas del sector de la energía y el desempeño técnico: buenas noticias de un análisis de variables instrumentales A lo largo de las tres décadas pasadas, varias reformas del sector de la energía han renovado la gobernanza de la producción de electricidad, la transmisión y la distribución en casi cien países. ¿Han generado beneficios estas reformas? Utilizando variables instrumentales, mejoramos estudios previos y demostramos que las reformas del sector de la energía puestas en marcha entre 1982 y 2008 han tenido, tanto grandes efectos positivos en la disponibilidad de la capacidad de producción, como pérdidas reducidas de transmisión y distribución. También mostramos que los efectos positivos de la capacidad de generación son significativos en países en vías de desarrollo y que las reformas híbridas no logran completamente la privatización y la competencia libre es efectiva para mejorar la capacidad de generación en particular. En resumen, los resultados muestran que estas reformas son una herramienta efectiva para remover una restricción importante para el crecimiento económico.

Suggested Citation

  • Johannes Urpelainen & Joonseok Yang & Di Liu, 2018. "Power Sector Reforms and Technical Performance: Good News from an Instrumental Variable Analysis," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 35(1), pages 120-152, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:35:y:2018:i:1:p:120-152
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12275
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    Cited by:

    1. Bensch, Gunther, 2019. "The effects of market-based reforms on access to electricity in developing countries: a systematic review," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 11(2), pages 165-188.
    2. Thibault Lemaire & Dina Ragab, 2020. "Power Sector Reforms and Technological Change: Evidence from Arab League Members," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-03948646, HAL.
    3. Dertinger, Andrea & Hirth, Lion, 2019. "Reforming the Electric Power Industry in Developing Economies," EconStor Preprints 201842, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    4. Siyu Chen & Hong Chi, 2021. "Analysis of the Environmental Effects of the Clean Heating Policy in Northern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-11, June.
    5. Dertinger, Andrea & Hirth, Lion, 2020. "Reforming the electric power industry in developing economies evidence on efficiency and electricity access outcomes," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).

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