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Growth Strategies and Value Creation: What Works Best for Stock Exchanges?

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  • Iftekhar Hasan
  • Heiko Schmiedel
  • Liang Song

Abstract

In recent years, demutualized stock exchanges have been increasingly engaging in M&A and alliance activities. To examine the effect of these growth strategies on exchange shareholders’ value creation, we focus on 14 public stock exchanges and investigate their short-run share price responses to the formation of 110 M&As and alliances all over the world spanning the period 2000-2008. Our findings show that the average stock price responses for M&As and alliances are positive. M&As create more value than alliances. For alliances, joint ventures generate more value than non-equity alliances. More value accrues when the integration is horizontal (cross-border) than when it is vertical (domestic). Additionally, there is evidence of learning-by-doing effects in stock exchange integration activities. Finally, we find that the better the shareholder protection, accounting standards and capital market development in the partner exchange’s country, the higher the merger and alliance premium for our sample exchange. These patterns are consistent when we examine the exchanges’ long-run performance. JEL Classification: L22, G32, D23
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  • Iftekhar Hasan & Heiko Schmiedel & Liang Song, 2012. "Growth Strategies and Value Creation: What Works Best for Stock Exchanges?," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 47(3), pages 469-499, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:finrev:v:47:y:2012:i:3:p:469-499
    DOI: j.1540-6288.2012.00337.x
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    1. Gomes-Casseres, Benjamin & Hagedoorn, John & Jaffe, Adam B., 2006. "Do alliances promote knowledge flows?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(1), pages 5-33, April.
    2. Rafael La Porta & Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes & Andrei Shleifer & Robert W. Vishny, 1998. "Law and Finance," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 106(6), pages 1113-1155, December.
    3. K. J. Arrow, 1971. "The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: F. H. Hahn (ed.), Readings in the Theory of Growth, chapter 11, pages 131-149, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    1. Robinson Joseph & Manuel Fernandez, 2016. "Growth of Stock Market in the UAE through Merger: A Comparative Study of GCC Stock Markets," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 5(3), pages 190-190, August.
    2. Amélie Charles & Olivier Darné & Jae H. Kim & Etienne Redor, 2016. "Stock Exchange Mergers and Market," Post-Print hal-01238707, HAL.
    3. Li, Shaofang & Marinč, Matej, 2016. "Competition in the clearing and settlement industry," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 134-162.
    4. Li, Shaofang & Marinč, Matej, 2018. "Economies of scale and scope in financial market infrastructures," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 17-49.
    5. Yang, Ann Shawing & Pangastuti, Airin, 2016. "Stock market efficiency and liquidity: The Indonesia Stock Exchange merger," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 28-40.
    6. Giofré, Maela, 2021. "Stock exchange consolidation and cross-border investment: An empirical assessment," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    7. Manuela Geranio, 2016. "Evolution of the Exchange Industry," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-21027-8, December.
    8. Otchere, Isaac & Abukari, Kobana, 2020. "Are super stock exchange mergers motivated by efficiency or market power gains?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    9. B.T. Katangodage & A.W. Wijeratne, 2016. "Value-weighted price return index for plantation sector of Colombo Stock Exchange of Sri Lanka," International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 12(1), pages 27-52.
    10. Iftekhar Hasan & Heiko Schmiedel & Liang Song, 2012. "How Stock Exchange Mergers and Acquisitions Affect Competitors’ Shareholder Value: Global Evidence," Chapters, in: Geoffrey Poitras (ed.), Handbook of Research on Stock Market Globalization, chapter 8, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    11. Wenjing Xie & João Paulo Vieito & Ephraim Clark & Wing-Keung Wong, 2020. "Could Mergers Become More Sustainable? A Study of the Stock Exchange Mergers of NASDAQ and OMX," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-25, October.
    12. Abdulkadir Kaya & Turan Ondes, 2013. "Determinants of Foreign Portfolio Investments in Turkey," Istanbul Stock Exchange Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 13(52), pages 17-37, April.
    13. Burc Ulengin & M. Banu Yobas, 2013. "Effects of Horizontal M&As on Trading Volume of Stock Exchanges," Istanbul Stock Exchange Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 13(52), pages 38-58, April.
    14. Onder Buberkoku, 2013. "The Relationship Between Stock Prices and Exchange Rates Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries," Istanbul Stock Exchange Review, Research and Business Development Department, Borsa Istanbul, vol. 13(52), pages 1-16, April.
    15. M. Kannadhasan & Debojyoti Das, 2019. "Has Co-Movement Dynamics in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) Markets Changed After Global Financial Crisis? New Evidence from Wavelet Analysis," Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance (AAMJAF), Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, vol. 15(1), pages 1-26.
    16. Ekaterina Dorodnykh, 2013. "What Drives Stock Exchange Integration?," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), International Hellenic University (IHU), Kavala Campus, Greece (formerly Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology - EMaTTech), vol. 6(2), pages 47-79, September.
    17. Ekaterina Dorodnykh, 2014. "Determinants of stock exchange integration: evidence in worldwide perspective," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 41(2), pages 292 - 316, March.
    18. Roche, Julian Spencer, 2020. "Success criteria for commodity exchanges," African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, African Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 15(2), June.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • L22 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Organization and Market Structure

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