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Identifier les biens publics européens : fondements économiques et défis pratiques

Author

Listed:
  • Hugo Hanania
  • Bernard de Poncins

Abstract

Plusieurs études, comme le rapport Draghi de 2024, estiment qu’une part significative des besoins d’investissements publics de l’Union européenne (UE) concerne des biens publics européens et requiert une gouvernance et un financement à l’échelle de l’Union. Cet article explore les biens publics qui pourraient bénéficier d’une telle gouvernance, comme la défense ou le climat. La diversité des propositions et des analyses suggère néanmoins que la notion de bien public européen est évolutive et ne fait pas l’unanimité. Une approche plus consensuelle pourrait émerger en tenant compte des préférences variables entre pays, en identifiant ces biens de façon plus ciblée et en y intégrant la notion de priorité stratégique de l’UE. Du point de vue d’une banque centrale, un financement accru des biens publics européens, en favorisant la compétitivité et la résilience de la zone euro contribuerait à la stabilité des prix.

Suggested Citation

  • Hugo Hanania & Bernard de Poncins, 2025. "Identifier les biens publics européens : fondements économiques et défis pratiques," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 257.
    • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2025:257:02
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    File URL: https://www.banque-france.fr/system/files/2025-03/BDF257-2_Biens-publics-europeens.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Clemens Fuest & Jean Pisani-Ferry, 2019. "A Primer on Developing European Public Goods," EconPol Policy Reports 16, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
    2. Roel Beetsma & Marco Buti, 2024. "Promoting European Public Goods," EconPol Forum, CESifo, vol. 25(03), pages 37-41, May.
    3. Alberto Alesina & Ignazio Angeloni & Ludger Schuknecht, 2005. "What does the European Union do?," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 123(3), pages 275-319, June.
    4. Grégory Claeys & Armin Steinbach, 2024. "A conceptual framework for the identification and governance of European public goods," Bruegel Working Papers node_10043, Bruegel.
    5. Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol, 2024. "An uphill struggle- a long-term perspective on the European public goods debate," Bruegel Policy Brief node_10381, Bruegel.
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