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Disparities in diabetes: The nexus of race, poverty, and place

Author

Listed:
  • Gaskin, D.J.
  • Thorpe, R.J., Jr.
  • McGinty, E.E.
  • Bower, K.
  • Rohde, C.
  • Young, J.H.
  • LaVeist, T.A.
  • Dubay, L.

Abstract

Objectives. We sought to determine the role of neighborhood poverty and racial composition on race disparities in diabetes prevalence. Methods. We used data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and 2000 US Census to estimate the impact of individual race and poverty and neighborhood racial composition and poverty concentration on the odds of having diabetes. Results. We found a race-poverty-place gradient for diabetes prevalence for Blacks and poor Whites. The odds of having diabetes were higher for Blacks than for Whites. Individual poverty increased the odds of having diabetes for both Whites and Blacks. Living in a poor neighborhood increased the odds of having diabetes for Blacks and poor Whites. Conclusions. To address race disparities in diabetes, policymakers should address problems created by concentrated poverty (e.g., lack of access to reasonably priced fruits and vegetables, recreational facilities, and health care services; high crime rates; and greater exposures to environmental toxins). Housing and development policies in urban areas should avoid creating highpoverty neighborhoods. © 2014, American Public Health Association Inc. All rights reserved.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaskin, D.J. & Thorpe, R.J., Jr. & McGinty, E.E. & Bower, K. & Rohde, C. & Young, J.H. & LaVeist, T.A. & Dubay, L., 2014. "Disparities in diabetes: The nexus of race, poverty, and place," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(11), pages 2147-2155.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2013.301420_0
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301420
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    Cited by:

    1. Jean R. Francois & Katherine S. Nelson & Emily K. Burchfield, 2024. "Linking Diversity–Productivity Conditions of Farming Systems with the Well-Being of Agricultural Communities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Laura E. Wild & McKailey Walters & Alaina Powell & Katherine A. James & Laura Corlin & Tanya L. Alderete, 2022. "County-Level Social Vulnerability Is Positively Associated with Cardiometabolic Disease in Colorado," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Wang, Yingli & Touboulic, Anne & O'Neill, Martin, 2018. "An exploration of solutions for improving access to affordable fresh food with disadvantaged Welsh communities," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 268(3), pages 1021-1039.
    4. Yanrong Qiu & Kaihuai Liao & Yanting Zou & Gengzhi Huang, 2022. "A Bibliometric Analysis on Research Regarding Residential Segregation and Health Based on CiteSpace," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-21, August.
    5. Samuel D. Towne & Jane Bolin & Alva Ferdinand & Emily Joy Nicklett & Matthew Lee Smith & Marcia G. Ory, 2017. "Assessing Diabetes and Factors Associated with Foregoing Medical Care among Persons with Diabetes: Disparities Facing American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, Hispanic, Low Income, and Southern Adults in," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-17, April.
    6. Barber, Sharrelle & Diez Roux, Ana V. & Cardoso, Letícia & Santos, Simone & Toste, Veronica & James, Sherman & Barreto, Sandhi & Schmidt, Maria & Giatti, Luana & Chor, Dora, 2018. "At the intersection of place, race, and health in Brazil: Residential segregation and cardio-metabolic risk factors in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 67-76.
    7. Iroz-Elardo, Nicole & Schoner, Jessica & Fox, Eric H. & Brookes, Allen & Frank, Lawrence D., 2020. "Active travel and social justice: Addressing disparities and promoting health equity through a novel approach to Regional Transportation Planning," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    8. Caitlin Brown & Martin Ravallion, 2023. "Inequality and Social Distancing during the Pandemic," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 21(3), pages 679-702, September.
    9. Ifechukwude Obiamaka Okwechime & Shamarial Roberson & Agricola Odoi, 2015. "Prevalence and Predictors of Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes among Adults 18 Years or Older in Florida: A Multinomial Logistic Modeling Approach," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    10. Diana‐Lyn Baptiste, 2018. "Who you are and where you live can determine how long you live: What nurses need to know about cardiovascular disease among low‐income urban‐dwelling minority communities," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(19-20), pages 3441-3442, October.
    11. Grant H Skrepnek & Joseph L Mills Sr & David G Armstrong, 2015. "A Diabetic Emergency One Million Feet Long: Disparities and Burdens of Illness among Diabetic Foot Ulcer Cases within Emergency Departments in the United States, 2006–2010," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-15, August.
    12. Do, D. Phuong & Frank, Reanne & Iceland, John, 2017. "Black-white metropolitan segregation and self-rated health: Investigating the role of neighborhood poverty," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 85-92.
    13. Judith M. Ochieng & Janice D. Crist, 2021. "Social Determinants of Health and Health Care Delivery: African American Women’s T2DM Self-Management," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 30(3), pages 263-272, March.
    14. Armani M. Hawes & Genee S. Smith & Emma McGinty & Caryn Bell & Kelly Bower & Thomas A. LaVeist & Darrell J. Gaskin & Roland J. Thorpe, 2019. "Disentangling Race, Poverty, and Place in Disparities in Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, April.
    15. Aubert, Cécile & Dang, Hai-Anh H & Nguyen, Manh-Hung, 2022. "The Unequal Impact of the COVID Pandemic: Theory and Evidence on Health and Economic Outcomes for Different Income Groups," IZA Discussion Papers 15396, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    16. Thorsen, Maggie & McGarvey, Ronald & Thorsen, Andreas, 2020. "Diabetes management at community health centers: Examining associations with patient and regional characteristics, efficiency, and staffing patterns," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    17. Shervin Assari & Maryam Moghani Lankarani, 2018. "Educational Attainment Promotes Fruit and Vegetable Intake for Whites but Not Blacks," J, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-13, June.

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