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Individual, family background, and contextual explanations of racial and ethnic disparities in youths' exposure to violence

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  • Zimmerman, G.M.
  • Messner, S.F.

Abstract

We used data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods to examine the extent to which individual, family, and contextual factors account for the differential exposure to violence associated with race/ethnicity among youths. Logistic hierarchical item response models on 2344 individuals nested within 80 neighborhoods revealed that the odds of being exposed to violence were 74% and 112% higher for Hispanics and Blacks, respectively, than for Whites. Appreciable portions of the Hispanic-White gap (33%) and the Black- White gap (53%) were accounted for by family background factors, individual differences, and neighborhood factors. The findings imply that programs aimed at addressing the risk factors for exposure to violence and alleviating the effects of exposure to violence may decrease racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to violence and its consequences.

Suggested Citation

  • Zimmerman, G.M. & Messner, S.F., 2013. "Individual, family background, and contextual explanations of racial and ethnic disparities in youths' exposure to violence," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(3), pages 435-442.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2012.300931_1
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300931
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    Cited by:

    1. Michael F. Ballesteros & Dionne D. Williams & Karin A. Mack & Thomas R. Simon & David A. Sleet, 2018. "The Epidemiology of Unintentional and Violence-Related Injury Morbidity and Mortality among Children and Adolescents in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Burnside, Amanda N. & Gaylord-Harden, Noni K. & So, Suzanna & Voisin, Dexter R., 2018. "A latent profile analysis of exposure to community violence and peer delinquency in African American adolescents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 196-203.
    3. Zimmerman, Gregory M., 2016. "Examining gendered pathways in the causal chain linking neighborhood navigational strategies and unstructured socializing to adolescent violent offending," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 94-105.
    4. Nieuwenhuis, Jaap & Best, Matt & Vogel, Matt & van Ham, Maarten & Branje, Susan & Meeus, Wim, 2021. "Exposure to Neighborhood Violence and Child-Parent Conflict among a Longitudinal Sample of Dutch Adolescents," IZA Discussion Papers 14587, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Ugueto, Ana M. & Lucassen, Mathijs F.G., 2022. "Differences in suicidality and psychological symptoms between sexual and gender minority youth compared to heterosexual and cisgender youth in a psychiatric hospital," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    6. Christopher R. Browning & Catherine A. Calder & Jodi L. Ford & Bethany Boettner & Anna L. Smith & Dana Haynie, 2017. "Understanding Racial Differences in Exposure to Violent Areas," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 669(1), pages 41-62, January.

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