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Mortality risk associated with disability: A population-based record linkage study

Author

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  • Majer, I.M.
  • Nusselder, W.J.
  • Mackenbach, J.P.
  • Klijs, B.
  • Van Baal, P.H.M.

Abstract

Objectives: We assessed the association between mortality and disability and quantified the effect of disability-associated risk factors. Methods: We linked data from cross-sectional health surveys in the Netherlands to the population registry to create a large data set comprising baseline covariates and an indicator of death. We used Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratio of disability on mortality. Results: Among men, the unadjusted hazard ratio for activities of daily living, mobility, or mild disability defined by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development at age 55 years was 7.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]=4.36, 14.13), 5.21 (95% CI=3.19, 8.51), and 1.87 (95% CI=1.58, 2.22), respectively. People with disability in activities of daily living and mobility had a 10-year shorter life expectancy than nondisabled people had, of which 6 years could be explained by differences in lifestyle, sociodemographics, and major chronic diseases. Conclusions: Disabled people face a higher mortality risk than nondisabled people do. Although the difference can be explained by diseases and other risk factors for those with mild disability, we cannot rule out that more severe disabilities have an independent effect on mortality.

Suggested Citation

  • Majer, I.M. & Nusselder, W.J. & Mackenbach, J.P. & Klijs, B. & Van Baal, P.H.M., 2011. "Mortality risk associated with disability: A population-based record linkage study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(12), pages 9-15.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2011.300361_5
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300361
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    1. Steven A. Haas & Katsuya Oi & Zhangjun Zhou, 2017. "The Life Course, Cohort Dynamics, and International Differences in Aging Trajectories," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 54(6), pages 2043-2071, December.
    2. Claire Marbot & Delphine Roy, 2015. "Projections du coût de l’APA et des caractéristiques de ses bénéficiaires à l’horizon 2040 à l’aide du modèle Destinie," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 481(1), pages 185-209.
    3. Jinwook Bahk & Hee-Yeon Kang & Young-Ho Khang, 2019. "The Life Expectancy Gap between Registered Disabled and Non-Disabled People in Korea from 2004 to 2017," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-9, July.
    4. Olga Grigoriev & Gabriele Doblhammer, 2022. "Does the Mortality of Individuals with Severe Disabilities Contribute to the Persistent East–West Mortality Gap Among German Men?," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 38(2), pages 247-271, May.
    5. Josje D. Schoufour & Michael A. Echteld & Heleen M. Evenhuis, 2017. "Comparing two frailty concepts among older people with intellectual disabilities," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 63-79, March.
    6. Nuriye Sancar & Deniz Inan, 2018. "A novel method as a diagnostic tool for the detection of influential observations in the Cox proportional hazards model," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(2), pages 1253-1266, December.
    7. van Baal, Pieter H. & Wong, Albert, 2012. "Time to death and the forecasting of macro-level health care expenditures: Some further considerations," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 876-887.
    8. J. Iñaki De La Peña & M. Cristina Fernández-Ramos & Asier Garayeta & Iratxe D. Martín, 2022. "Transforming Private Pensions: An Actuarial Model to Face Long-Term Costs," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-17, March.
    9. Richard D Hayes & Chin-Kuo Chang & Andrea C Fernandes & Aysha Begum & David To & Matthew Broadbent & Matthew Hotopf & Robert Stewart, 2012. "Functional Status and All-Cause Mortality in Serious Mental Illness," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(9), pages 1-9, September.
    10. Irene Albarrán Lozano & Pablo J. Alonso-González & José Javier Núñez-Velázquez, 2021. "Estimation of Life Expectancy for Dependent Population in a Multi-State Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-13, October.
    11. Saskia Groot & Irene Santi & Pieter Bakx & Bram Wouterse & Pieter Baal, 2023. "Informal Care Costs According to Age and Proximity to Death to Support Cost-Effectiveness Analyses," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 41(9), pages 1137-1149, September.
    12. Jung Min Park & Ukchan Oh & Beop-Rae Roh & Yeongmin Moon, 2017. "Disparities in mortality by disability: an 11-year follow-up study of 1 million individuals," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 62(9), pages 989-996, December.

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