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Customs unions and trade spillovers: from bilateral agreements to multilateral impact

Author

Listed:
  • Sharmi SEN

    (Monash University, Australia)

  • Tonmoy CHATTERJEE

    (Bhairab Ganguly College, India)

Abstract

This paper considers a general equilibrium model of trade to examine how a move from bilateral trade within a customs union to multilateral free trade affects skilled-unskilled wage inequality within the customs union. It also shows the spillover effects of a reduction in common tariffs on countries outside the union. It is interesting to see that increased liberalization raises skilled-unskilled wage inequality under reasonable conditions within the customs union. Moreover, for the country outside the customs union, export of intermediate product to the customs union rises, accompanied by an increase in income of the capitalists and the wage earners and a decrease in income of the landlords. Also, employment and output in the import competing sector falls while the exportable sector witnesses an increase in employment and output for the country outside the customs union. These results have interesting political-economic implications.

Suggested Citation

  • Sharmi SEN & Tonmoy CHATTERJEE, 2025. "Customs unions and trade spillovers: from bilateral agreements to multilateral impact," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(1(642), S), pages 71-84, Spring.
    • Handle: RePEc:agr:journl:v:xxxii:y:2025:i:1(642):p:71-84
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. A. Clausing , Kimberly, 2000. "Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 15, pages 418-435.
    2. Hamid Beladi & Sugata Marjit & Reza Oladi, 2018. "Does protectionism harm unskilled workers?," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(3), pages 444-450, November.
    3. Borodin, Konstantin & Strokov, Anton, 2015. "The Customs Union in the CIS," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 30(2), pages 334-358.
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