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School Is Out: Is the Doctor In? Gender Gaps in Holiday Work among Parent Physicians

Author

Listed:
  • Leila Agha
  • Na'ama Shenhav
  • Myles Wagner

Abstract

Using linked insurance claims and birth records, we provide new evidence on the gender gap in parents' work among physicians. On typical weekdays, women are 10 percent less likely than men to bill any claims. On minor holidays (e.g. Columbus Day)—when many physicians' offices remain open, but schools close—this gender gap in work grows to 25 percent. However, on major holidays (e.g. Christmas)—when most offices close—men and women bill at equally low rates. These results suggest that a mismatch between workplace expectations and predictable disruptions in childcare may exacerbate the gender gap in work.

Suggested Citation

  • Leila Agha & Na'ama Shenhav & Myles Wagner, 2025. "School Is Out: Is the Doctor In? Gender Gaps in Holiday Work among Parent Physicians," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 115, pages 238-242, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:apandp:v:115:y:2025:p:238-42
    DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20251014
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I11 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Analysis of Health Care Markets
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J44 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations

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