IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/adm/journl/v12y2023i3p51-60.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Routes to Magnetic Graphene, from Decorations with Nanoparticles to the Broken Symmetry of its Honeycomb Lattice Bonds

Author

Listed:
  • Amelia Carolina Sparavigna

Abstract

Pristine graphene is nonmagnetic because the outer electrons in the rings of its honeycomb lattice are merged into sigma- and pi- bonds. To have magnetic graphene, methods have been proposed to break the bond symmetry to obtain unpaired electrons and spins, so that their interaction can turn on the graphene magnetism. These methods are therefore based on the intrinsic nature of graphene. Other methods are based on the extrinsic decoration of graphene layers with magnetic nanoparticles. Here, we discuss the routes to have graphene magnetized in intrinsic and extrinsic manners, and some of its applications. In particular, the nitrogen-doped graphene is considered. The Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction is also proposed in a very concise manner. Short discussion about graphene substitution with nitrogen-doped biochar and iron-decorated biochar is proposed too.

Suggested Citation

  • Amelia Carolina Sparavigna, 2023. "The Routes to Magnetic Graphene, from Decorations with Nanoparticles to the Broken Symmetry of its Honeycomb Lattice Bonds," International Journal of Sciences, Office ijSciences, vol. 12(03), pages 51-60, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:adm:journl:v:12:y:2023:i:3:p:51-60
    DOI: 10.18483/ijSci.2675
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ijsciences.com/pub/article/2675
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.ijsciences.com/pub/pdf/V122023032675.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.18483/ijSci.2675?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Qing Lv & Wenyan Si & Jianjiang He & Lei Sun & Chunfang Zhang & Ning Wang & Ze Yang & Xiaodong Li & Xin Wang & Weiqiao Deng & Yunze Long & Changshui Huang & Yuliang Li, 2018. "Selectively nitrogen-doped carbon materials as superior metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. K. S. Novoselov & A. K. Geim & S. V. Morozov & D. Jiang & M. I. Katsnelson & I. V. Grigorieva & S. V. Dubonos & A. A. Firsov, 2005. "Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene," Nature, Nature, vol. 438(7065), pages 197-200, November.
    3. Han, Jun & Kim, Heejoon, 2008. "The reduction and control technology of tar during biomass gasification/pyrolysis: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 397-416, February.
    4. Nikolaos Tombros & Csaba Jozsa & Mihaita Popinciuc & Harry T. Jonkman & Bart J. van Wees, 2007. "Electronic spin transport and spin precession in single graphene layers at room temperature," Nature, Nature, vol. 448(7153), pages 571-574, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kim, Young-Doo & Yang, Chang-Won & Kim, Beom-Jong & Moon, Ji-Hong & Jeong, Jae-Yong & Jeong, Soo-Hwa & Lee, See-Hoon & Kim, Jae-Ho & Seo, Myung-Won & Lee, Sang-Bong & Kim, Jae-Kon & Lee, Uen-Do, 2016. "Fischer–tropsch diesel production and evaluation as alternative automotive fuel in pilot-scale integrated biomass-to-liquid process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 301-312.
    2. Sun, Jing & Wang, Qing & Wang, Wenlong & Wang, Ke, 2018. "Study on the synergism of steam reforming and photocatalysis for the degradation of Toluene as a tar model compound under microwave-metal discharges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 815-823.
    3. Kotowicz, Janusz & Sobolewski, Aleksander & Iluk, Tomasz, 2013. "Energetic analysis of a system integrated with biomass gasification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 265-278.
    4. Pio, D.T. & Tarelho, L.A.C. & Pinto, R.G. & Matos, M.A.A. & Frade, J.R. & Yaremchenko, A. & Mishra, G.S. & Pinto, P.C.R., 2018. "Low-cost catalysts for in-situ improvement of producer gas quality during direct gasification of biomass," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 442-454.
    5. Zhou, Yuli & Wang, Wenlong & Sun, Jing & Fu, Lunjing & Song, Zhanlong & Zhao, Xiqiang & Mao, Yanpeng, 2017. "Microwave-induced electrical discharge of metal strips for the degradation of biomass tar," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 42-52.
    6. Zhang, Zhikun & Liu, Lina & Shen, Boxiong & Wu, Chunfei, 2018. "Preparation, modification and development of Ni-based catalysts for catalytic reforming of tar produced from biomass gasification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 1086-1109.
    7. Toledo, Mario & Arriagada, Andrés & Ripoll, Nicolás & Salgansky, Eugene A. & Mujeebu, Muhammad Abdul, 2023. "Hydrogen and syngas production by hybrid filtration combustion: Progress and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    8. Wenxuan Zhu & Cheng Song & Lei Han & Tingwen Guo & Hua Bai & Feng Pan, 2022. "Van der Waals lattice-induced colossal magnetoresistance in Cr2Ge2Te6 thin flakes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    9. Soonyoung Cha & Minjeong Kim & Youngjae Kim & Shinyoung Choi & Sejong Kang & Hoon Kim & Sangho Yoon & Gunho Moon & Taeho Kim & Ye Won Lee & Gil Young Cho & Moon Jeong Park & Cheol-Joo Kim & B. J. Kim , 2022. "Gate-tunable quantum pathways of high harmonic generation in graphene," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    10. Leng, Erwei & He, Ben & Chen, Jingwei & Liao, Gaoliang & Ma, Yinjie & Zhang, Feng & Liu, Shuai & E, Jiaqiang, 2021. "Prediction of three-phase product distribution and bio-oil heating value of biomass fast pyrolysis based on machine learning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    11. Hu, Fu-Xiang & Yang, Guo-Hua & Ding, Guo-Zhu & Li, Zhen & Du, Ka-Shuai & Hu, Zhi-Fa & Tian, Su-Rui, 2016. "Experimental study on catalytic cracking of model tar compounds in a dual layer granular bed filter," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 47-57.
    12. Anffany Chen & Hauke Brand & Tobias Helbig & Tobias Hofmann & Stefan Imhof & Alexander Fritzsche & Tobias Kießling & Alexander Stegmaier & Lavi K. Upreti & Titus Neupert & Tomáš Bzdušek & Martin Greit, 2023. "Hyperbolic matter in electrical circuits with tunable complex phases," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    13. Du, Shilin & Shu, Rui & Guo, Feiqiang & Mao, Songbo & Bai, Jiaming & Qian, Lin & Xin, Chengyun, 2022. "Porous coal char-based catalyst from coal gangue and lignite with high metal contents in the catalytic cracking of biomass tar," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    14. González, Ander & Goikolea, Eider & Barrena, Jon Andoni & Mysyk, Roman, 2016. "Review on supercapacitors: Technologies and materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1189-1206.
    15. Radenahmad, Nikdalila & Azad, Atia Tasfiah & Saghir, Muhammad & Taweekun, Juntakan & Bakar, Muhammad Saifullah Abu & Reza, Md Sumon & Azad, Abul Kalam, 2020. "A review on biomass derived syngas for SOFC based combined heat and power application," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    16. Damartzis, T. & Zabaniotou, A., 2011. "Thermochemical conversion of biomass to second generation biofuels through integrated process design--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 366-378, January.
    17. Zhai, Ming & Wang, Xinyu & Zhang, Yu & Dong, Peng & Qi, Guoli & Huang, Yudong, 2015. "Characteristics of rice husk tar secondary thermal cracking," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1321-1327.
    18. Jun Sheng Teh & Yew Heng Teoh & Heoy Geok How & Thanh Danh Le & Yeoh Jun Jie Jason & Huu Tho Nguyen & Dong Lin Loo, 2021. "The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-31, April.
    19. Istvan Bacskai & Viktor Madar & Csaba Fogarassy & Laszlo Toth, 2019. "Modeling of Some Operating Parameters Required for the Development of Fixed Bed Small Scale Pyrolysis Plant," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-15, April.
    20. Mohamed, Usama & Zhao, Ying-jie & Yi, Qun & Shi, Li-juan & Wei, Guo-qing & Nimmo, William, 2021. "Evaluation of life cycle energy, economy and CO2 emissions for biomass chemical looping gasification to power generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 366-387.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:adm:journl:v:12:y:2023:i:3:p:51-60. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Staff ijSciences (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.