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The Evolution of World Trade from 1995 to 2014 : A Network Approach

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  • Cepeda, Fredy
  • Gamboa, Freddy
  • León, C.

    (Tilburg University, Center For Economic Research)

  • Rincon, Hernan

Abstract

This paper employs network analysis to study world trade from 1995 to 2014. We focus on the main connective features of the world trade network (WTN) and their dynamics. Results suggest that countries’ efforts to attain the benefits of trade have resulted in an intertwined network that is increasingly dense, reciprocal, and clustered. Trade linkages are distributed homogeneously among countries, but their intensity (i.e. their value) is highly concentrated in a small set of countries. The main connective features of the WTN were not affected by the 2007-2008 international financial crisis. However, we find that the crisis marks a turning point in the evolution of the WTN from a two-group (led by the US and Germany) to a three-group (led by the US, Germany, and China) hierarchical structure; gravity models of international trade may explain this evolution. Furthermore, we find that WTN’s connective features do not conform to a linear aggregation of sectorial trade networks.
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Suggested Citation

  • Cepeda, Fredy & Gamboa, Freddy & León, C. & Rincon, Hernan, 2017. "The Evolution of World Trade from 1995 to 2014 : A Network Approach," Discussion Paper 2017-008, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:tiu:tiucen:f20d3dc2-d624-4dd8-9c47-55e9470ac33b
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Luca Salvatici & Silvia Nenci, 2017. "New features, forgotten costs and counterfactual gains of the international trading system," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 44(4), pages 592-633.
    2. Carlos León & Javier Miguélez, 2020. "Interbank relationship lending in Colombia," Borradores de Economia 1118, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    3. Blázquez, Leticia & Díaz-Mora, Carmen & González-Díaz, Belén, 2023. "Hubs of embodied business services in a GVC world," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 28-43.
    4. Rosanna Grassi & Paolo Bartesaghi & Stefano Benati & Gian Paolo Clemente, 2021. "Multi-Attribute Community Detection in International Trade Network," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 707-733, September.
    5. Lijuan Yang, 2023. "Recommendations for metaverse governance based on technical standards," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
    6. Paolo Bartesaghi & Gian Paolo Clemente & Rosanna Grassi, 2020. "Community structure in the World Trade Network based on communicability distances," Papers 2001.06356, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2020.
    7. Gutiérrez-Moya, Ester & Lozano, Sebastián & Adenso-Díaz, Belarmino, 2023. "A pre-pandemic analysis of the global fertiliser trade network," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    8. L. Blázquez & C. Díaz-Mora & B. González-Díaz, 2023. "Slowbalisation or a “New” type of GVC participation? The role of digital services," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 50(1), pages 121-147, March.
    9. Andrés Murcia & Hernando Vargas & Carlos León, 2018. "International trade networks and the integration of Colombia into global trade," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Globalisation and deglobalisation, volume 100, pages 105-123, Bank for International Settlements.
    10. Giudici, Paolo & Huang, Bihong & Spelta, Alessandro, 2019. "Trade networks and economic fluctuations in Asian countries," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 1-1.
    11. Paolo Bartesaghi & Gian Paolo Clemente & Rosanna Grassi, 2022. "Community structure in the World Trade Network based on communicability distances," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 17(2), pages 405-441, April.
    12. León, Carlos & Miguélez, Javier, 2021. "Interbank relationship lending: A network perspective," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 573(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    world trade; network analysis; graph; minimal spanning tree;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • D85 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Network Formation

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