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Does Stockholding Provide Perfect Risk Sharing?

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Author Info
M. Fatih Guvenen () (University of Rochester)

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the extent of risk-sharing among stockholders. To provide a benchmark, we ask if stockholders are able to share risk more effectively than non-stockholders, where the latter serves as a control group. We study a dynamic structural model where each period households compare the benefits from stockholding with a per-period trading cost and decide whether to be in the stock market. Due to the endogenous entrym decision, the testable implications of perfect risk-sharing take the form of a sample selection model. To eliminate the selection bias, we implement a semiparametric estimation method (kernel-weighted GMM) recently proposed by Kyriazidou (2001). Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics on U.S. households we find a surprising result: We strongly reject perfect risk-sharing for stockholders, but find no evidence against it among non-stockholders. Moreover, we also strongly reject risk-sharing for the whole population consistent with existing literature. We offer two explanations. First, if financial markets are incomplete, holding stocks may expose owners to extra risks more than it insures existing risks. Second, stockholders also own a large part of the entrepreneurial wealth which is largely uninsurable. Thus, stockholders not only have more assets for risk sharing but also have more risks to insure. These results suggest that these two groups face different economic environments and solve quite different optimization problems. Finally, we find significant heterogeneity in the risk aversion and leisure elasticities between the two groups. We conclude that the distinction between stockholders and non-stockholders is crucial in exploring many questions in macroeconomics and finance.

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Paper provided by University of Rochester - Center for Economic Research (RCER) in its series RCER Working Papers with number 490.

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Length: 52 pages
Date of creation: May 2002
Date of revision: Mar 2003
Handle: RePEc:roc:rocher:490

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Postal: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER, CENTER FOR ECONOMIC RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, HARKNESS 231 ROCHESTER NEW YORK 14627 U.S.A.

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Keywords: Perfect risk-sharing; incomplete markets; semiparametric estimation; Generalized Method of Moments; limited stock market participation;

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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Francisco Covas, 2005. "Uninsured Idiosyncratic Production Risk with Borrowing Constraints," Working Papers 05-26, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
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  2. M. Fatih Guvenen, 2002. "Reconciling Conflicting Evidence on the Elasticity of Intertemporal Substitution: A Macroeconomic Perspective," RCER Working Papers 491, University of Rochester - Center for Economic Research (RCER), revised Mar 2003. [Downloadable!]
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