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Opportunity cost, excess profit and counterfactual conditionals

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Author Info
Magni, Carlo Alberto

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Abstract

Counterfactual conditionals are cognitive tools that we incessantly use during our lives for judgments, evaluations, decisions. Counterfactuals are used for defining concepts as well; an instance of this is attested by the notions of opportunity cost and excess profit, two all-pervasive notions of economics: They are defined by undoing a given scenario and constructing a suitable counterfactual milieu. Focussing on the standard paradigm [Peasnell, 1981, 1982; Peccati, 1987, 1990, 1991; Ohlson, 1995] and Magni’s [2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006] alternative paradigm this paper shows that the formal translation of the counterfactual state is not univocal and that Magni’s approach retains formal properties of symmetry, additive coherence, homeomorphism, which correspond to properties of frame-independence, time invariance, completeness. Two introductory studies are also presented to illustrate how people cope with these counterfactuals and ascertain whether either model is seen as more “natural”. A brief discussion of the results obtained is also provided.

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Paper provided by University Library of Munich, Germany in its series MPRA Paper with number 5695.

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Date of creation: 2003
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Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:5695

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Related research
Keywords: Opportunity cost; excess profit; residual income; counterfactual; modelling; frame-independence; time invariance; completeness.;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
D46 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure and Pricing - - - Value Theory
M41 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Accounting - - - Accounting
G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
A12 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
G3 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance
G00 - Financial Economics - - General - - - General
M21 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Economics - - - Business Economics

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Robert Sugden, 2000. "Credible worlds: the status of theoretical models in economics," Journal of Economic Methodology, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 7(1), pages 1-31, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Carlo Alberto Magni, 2003. "Decomposition of Net Final Values: Systemic Value Added and Residual Income," Bulletin of Economic Research, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 55(2), pages 149-176, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Carlo Magni, 2005. "On Decomposing Net Final Values: Eva, Sva and Shadow Project," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 51-95, 08. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Magni, Carlo Alberto, 2004. "Modelling excess profit," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 595-617, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Roberto Ghiselli Ricci & Carlo Alberto Magni, 2006. "Economic value added and systemic value added: symmetry, additive coherence and differences in performance," Applied Financial Economics Letters, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 2(3), pages 151-154, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Andrew B. Abel, 1988. "Consumption and Investment," NBER Working Papers 2580, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. magni, Carlo Alberto, 2006. "Zelig and the Art of Measuring Excess Profit," MPRA Paper 5663, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Loomes, Graham & Sugden, Robert, 1982. "Regret Theory: An Alternative Theory of Rational Choice under Uncertainty," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 92(368), pages 805-24, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Magni, Carlo Alberto, 2000. "Systemic Value Added, Residual Income and Decomposition of a Cash Flow Stream," MPRA Paper 5900, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  10. Tsiros, Michael & Mittal, Vikas, 2000. " Regret: A Model of Its Antecedents and Consequences in Consumer Decision Making," Journal of Consumer Research: An Interdisciplinary Quarterly, University of Chicago Press, vol. 26(4), pages 401-17, March.
  11. Magni, Carlo Alberto, 2000. "Scomposizione di sovraprofitti: Economic Value Added e Valore Aggiunto Sistemico
    [Excess-profit decomposition: Economic Value Added and Systemic Value Added]    ," MPRA Paper 8935, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  12. Tobin, James, 1969. "A General Equilibrium Approach to Monetary Theory," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 1(1), pages 15-29, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Loomes, Graham & Sugden, Robert, 1986. "Disappointment and Dynamic Consistency in Choice under Uncertainty," Review of Economic Studies, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 53(2), pages 271-82, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Magni, Carlo Alberto, 2001. "Valore Aggiunto Sistemico: un'alternativa all'EVA quale indice di sovraprofitto periodale," MPRA Paper 7525, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Carlo Alberto, Magni, 2008. "Splitting Up Value: A Critical Review of Residual Income Theories," MPRA Paper 10506, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Carlo Alberto Magni, 2007. "A Sum&Discount Method for Appraising Firms: An Illustrative Example," Department of Economics 572, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi". [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Magni, Carlo Alberto, 2007. "Residual income and value creation: An investigation into the lost-capital paradigm," MPRA Paper 7335, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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