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LAPM: A Liquidity-based Asset Pricing Model

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Author Info
Bengt Holmstrom
Jean Tirole

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Abstract

The intertemporal CAPM predicts that an asset's price is equal to the expectation of the product of the asset's payoff and a representative consum substitution. This paper develops an alternative approach to asset pricing based on industrial and financial corporations' desire to hoard liquidity to fulfill future cash needs. Our corporate finance a determinants of asset prices such as the distribution of wealth within the corporate sector and between the corporate sector and the consumers. Also, leverage ratios, capital adequacy requirements, and the composition of savings affect the corporate demand for li The paper first sets up a general model of corporate demand for liquid assets, and obtains an explicit formula for the associated liquidity permia. It then derives some implications of corporate liquidity demand for the equity premium puzzle, for the yield curve, and for the state-contingent volatility of asset prices. Finally, the paper looks at some macroeconomic implications of the theory. It shows that government may be able to boost aggregate liquidity and enhance economic efficiency by promoting job and asset price stability. On the liability side, long-term deposits and equity investments, which depend on the consumers' endogenously determined liquidity needs, contribute to creating a feedback effect between employment prospects and equity-like investments. On the asset side, orderly sales of real estate by liquidity-squeezed institutions may generate a Pareto improvement

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 6673.

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Date of creation: Aug 1998
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Publication status: published as Holmstrom, Bengt and Jean Tirole. "LAPM: A Liquidity-Based Asset Pricing Model," Journal of Finance, 2001, v56(5,Oct), 1837-1867.
Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:6673

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G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing

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References listed on IDEAS
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  3. Bengt Holmstrom & Jean Tirole, 1998. "Private and Public Supply of Liquidity," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 106(1), pages 1-40, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Breeden, Douglas T., 1979. "An intertemporal asset pricing model with stochastic consumption and investment opportunities," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 265-296, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Mark Rubinstein, 1976. "The Valuation of Uncertain Income Streams and the Pricing of Options," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 7(2), pages 407-425, Autumn. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Cox, John C & Ingersoll, Jonathan E, Jr & Ross, Stephen A, 1985. "A Theory of the Term Structure of Interest Rates," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 53(2), pages 385-407, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  14. Harrison, J. Michael & Kreps, David M., 1979. "Martingales and arbitrage in multiperiod securities markets," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 381-408, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Ghysels, E. & Harvey, A. & Renault, E., 1995. "Stochastic Volatility," Papers 95.400, Toulouse - GREMAQ.
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  20. Lucas, Robert E, Jr, 1978. "Asset Prices in an Exchange Economy," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(6), pages 1429-45, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Stephen Morris & Hyun Song Shin, 2003. "Liquidity Black Holes," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1434, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Risto Herrala, 2004. "The rigidity bias," Finance 0404019, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  3. Acharya, Viral V & Pedersen, Lasse Heje, 2003. "Asset Pricing with Liquidity Risk," CEPR Discussion Papers 3749, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Albuquerque, Rui & Wang, Neng, 2005. "Agency Conflicts, Investment and Asset Pricing," CEPR Discussion Papers 4955, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Geert Bekaert & Campbell R. Harvey & Christian Lundblad, 2005. "Liquidity and Expected Returns: Lessons From Emerging Markets," NBER Working Papers 11413, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Gonzalo Rubio & Miguel Angel A. Martinez & Belén Nieto, 2003. "Asset pricing and systematic liquidity risk," DFAEII Working Papers 200205, University of the Basque Country - Department of Foundations of Economic Analysis II. [Downloadable!]
  7. Broner, Fernando A. & Lorenzoni, Guido & Schmukler, Sergio L., 2004. "Why do emerging economies borrow short term?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3389, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Saunders, Drew, 2006. "The Elastic Provision of Liquidity by Private Agents," Purdue University Economics Working Papers 1195, Purdue University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  9. Eduardo Siandra, 2002. "The Economics of financial Matching," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 1002, Department of Economics - dECON. [Downloadable!]
  10. Anil K. Kashyap & Raghuram Rajan & Jeremy C. Stein, 1999. "Banks as Liquidity Providers: An Explanation for the Co-Existence of Lending and Deposit-Taking," NBER Working Papers 6962, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  11. Miguel A. Martínez & Belén Nieto & Gonzalo Rubio & Mikel Tapia, 2002. "Asset Pricing And Systematic Liquidity Risk: An Empirical Investigation Of The Spanish Stock Market," Business Economics Working Papers wb026022, Universidad Carlos III, Departamento de Economía de la Empresa. [Downloadable!]
  12. Balázs Romhányi, 2005. "A learning hypothesis of the term structure of interest rates," Macroeconomics 0503001, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
  13. Matthew Pritsker, 2005. "Large investors: implications for equilibrium asset, returns, shock absorption, and liquidity," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2005-36, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  14. Lubos Pastor & Robert F. Stambaugh, 2001. "Liquidity Risk and Expected Stock Returns," NBER Working Papers 8462, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  15. Francis Longstaff, 2001. "The Flight-to-Liquidity Premium in U.S. Treasury Bond Prices," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management 1004, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA. [Downloadable!]
  16. Iichiro Uesugi & Guy M. Yamashiro, 2003. "On the Relationship Between the Very Short Forward and the Spot Interest Rate," Discussion papers 03013, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). [Downloadable!]
  17. Claudian Kwok, 2003. "Liquidity Premium in a Credit Constrained Environment," Finance Working Papers 202, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  18. Herrera, Santiago & Perry, Guillermo, 2001. "Tropical bubbles : asset prices in Latin America, 1980-2001," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2724, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  19. Miquel Faig & Pauline Shum, 2000. "Portfolio Choice in the Presence of Personal Illiquid Projects," Working Papers faig-00-03, University of Toronto, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  20. Francis A. Lonstaff, 2002. "The Flight-to-Liquidity Premium in U.S. Treasury Bond Prices," NBER Working Papers 9312, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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