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Failure prediction models : performance, disagreements, and internal rating systems

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Author Info
Janet Mitchell () (National Bank of Belgium, Financial Stability Department, CEPR)
Patrick Van Roy () (National Bank of Belgium, Financial Stability Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles)

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Abstract

We address a number of comparative issues relating to the performance of failure prediction models for small, private firms. We use two models provided by vendors, a model developed by the National Bank of Belgium, and the Altman Z-score model to investigate model power, the extent of disagreement between models in the ranking of firms, and the design of internal rating systems. We also examine the potential gains from combining the output of multiple models. We find that the power of all four models in predicting bankruptcies is very good at the one-year horizon, even though not all of the models were developed using bankruptcy data and the models use different statistical methodologies. Disagreements in firm rankings are nevertheless significant across models, and model choice will have an impact on loan pricing and origination decisions. We find that it is possible to realize important gains from combining models with similar power. In addition, we show that it can also be beneficial to combine a weaker model with a stronger one if disagreements across models with respect to failing firms are high enough. Finally, the number of classes in an internal rating system appears to be more important than the distribution of borrowers across classes

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Paper provided by National Bank of Belgium in its series Research series with number 200712-18.

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Length: 35 pages
Date of creation: Dec 2007
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Handle: RePEc:nbb:reswpp:200712-18

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Related research
Keywords: Basel II; failure prediction; internal ratings; model power; rating systems; ROC analysis.;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
D40 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure and Pricing - - - General
G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Mortgages
G24 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage
G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Hanson, Samuel & Schuermann, Til, 2006. "Confidence intervals for probabilities of default," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 2281-2301, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Stein, Roger M., 2005. "The relationship between default prediction and lending profits: Integrating ROC analysis and loan pricing," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(5), pages 1213-1236, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Evangelos Tabakis, 2002. "Analysing and combining multiple credit assessments of financial institutions," Working Paper Series 123, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  4. S. Balcaen & H. Ooghe, 2004. "35 years of studies on business failure: an overview of the classical statistical methodologiesand their related problems," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 04/248, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
  5. H. Ooghe & C. Spaenjers & P. Vandermoere, 2005. "Business failure prediction: simple-intuitive models versus statistical models," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 05/338, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. [Downloadable!]
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  6. Blochlinger, Andreas & Leippold, Markus, 2006. "Economic benefit of powerful credit scoring," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 851-873, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Jankowitsch, Rainer & Pichler, Stefan & Schwaiger, Walter S.A., 2007. "Modelling the economic value of credit rating systems," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 181-198, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Ughetto, Elisa, 2006. "The financing of innovative activities by banking institutions: policy issues and regulatory options," MPRA Paper 430, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Hainz , Christa & Weill , Laurent & Godlewski, Christophe, 2008. "Bank competition and collateral: theory and evidence," Research Discussion Papers 27/2008, Bank of Finland. [Downloadable!]
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