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Labour market dynamics in Canada, 1891-1911: A first look from new census samples

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  • Kris Inwood

    () (Department of Economics University of Guelph)

  • Chris Minns

    (Department of Economic History London School of Economics)

  • Mary MacKinnon

    (Department of Economics McGill University)

Abstract

This paper uses newly available census evidence to portray changes in labour market outcomes in Canada between 1891 and 1911. Multiple census cross-sections allow for the documentation of how the location, occupation, and earnings of Canadian and foreign-born cohorts changed over time. The westward movement of young anglophones after 1901 contributed to the formation of a national labour market. Anglophone, francophone, and foreign-born cohorts all experienced significant occupational mobility between 1891 and 1911, but francophones and immigrants remained over-represented at the bottom of the occupational ladder. Greater occupational and geographical mobility supported higher rates of earnings growth among Anglophones.

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Bibliographic Info

Paper provided by University of Guelph, Department of Economics in its series Working Papers with number 1014.

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Length: 61 pages
Date of creation: Oct 2010
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:gue:guelph:2010-14.

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Web page: http://www.economics.uoguelph.ca/index.htm
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Keywords: labour market; census; Canada; ethnicity; anglophone; francophone; occupations; earnings regression; 1891; 1901; 1911;

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References

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  1. Chris Minns & Mary MacKinnon, 2007. "The costs of doing hard time: a penitentiary-based regional price index for Canada, 1883-1923," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 40(2), pages 528-560, May.
  2. Hatton, Timothy J., 1997. "The Immigrant Assimilation Puzzle in Late Nineteenth-Centuty America," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 57(01), pages 34-62, March.
  3. Green, Alan & Mackinnon, Mary & Minns, Chris, 2005. "Conspicuous by their Absence: French Canadians and the Settlement of the Canadian West," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 65(03), pages 822-849, September.
  4. J. C. Herbert Emery & Clint Levitt, 2002. "Cost of living, real wages and real incomes in thirteen Canadian cities, 1900-1950," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 35(1), pages 115-137, February.
  5. Inwood, Kris & Stengos, Thanasis, 1991. "Discontinuities in Canadian economic growth, 1870-1985," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 274-286, July.
  6. Minns, Chris, 2000. "Income, Cohort Effects, and Occupational Mobility: A New Look at Immigration to the United States at the Turn of the 20th Century," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 326-350, October.
  7. Green, Alan & MacKinnon, Mary, 2001. "The Slow Assimilation of British Immigrants in Canada: Evidence from Montreal and Toronto, 1901," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 315-338, July.
  8. J.C.Herbert Emery & Kris Inwood & Henry Thille, 2007. "Hecksher-Ohlin In Canada: New Estimates Of Regional Wages And Land Prices," Australian Economic History Review, Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 47(1), pages 22-48, 03.
  9. Mary MacKinnon, 1996. "New Evidence on Canadian Wage Rates, 1900-1930," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 29(1), pages 114-31, February.
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