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The effect of TARP on bank risk-taking

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  • Lamont K. Black
  • Lieu N. Hazelwood

Abstract

One of the largest responses of the U.S. government to the recent financial crisis was the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). TARP was originally intended to stabilize the financial sector through the increased capitalization of banks. However, recipients of TARP funds were then encouraged to make additional loans despite increased borrower risk. In this paper, we consider the effect of the TARP capital injections on bank risk taking by analyzing the risk ratings of banks? commercial loan originations during the crisis. The results indicate that, relative to non-TARP banks, the risk of loan originations increased at large TARP banks but decreased at small TARP banks. Interest spreads and loan levels also moved in different directions for large and small banks. For large banks, the increase in risk-taking without an increase in lending is suggestive of moral hazard due to government ownership. These results may also be due to the conflicting goals of the TARP program for bank capitalization and bank lending.

Suggested Citation

  • Lamont K. Black & Lieu N. Hazelwood, 2012. "The effect of TARP on bank risk-taking," International Finance Discussion Papers 1043, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgif:1043
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    Cited by:

    1. Vincent Bouvatier & Michael Brei & Xi Yang, 2014. "Bank Failures and the Source of Strength Doctrine," EconomiX Working Papers 2014-15, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    2. Fratianni, Michele & Marchionne, Francesco, 2013. "The fading stock market response to announcements of bank bailouts," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 69-89.
    3. Kulam, Adam, 2021. "US Capital Purchase Program," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 3(3), pages 821-890, April.
    4. Farruggio, Christian & Michalak, Tobias C. & Uhde, Andre, 2013. "The light and dark side of TARP," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(7), pages 2586-2604.
    5. Brandao-Marques, L. & Correa, R. & Sapriza, H., 2012. "International Evidence on Government Support and Risk-Taking in the Banking Sector," Other publications TiSEM 4a9756af-eb63-4867-ae29-3, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    6. Pennathur, Anita & Smith, Deborah & Subrahmanyam, Vijaya, 2014. "The stock market impact of government interventions on financial services industry groups: Evidence from the 2007–2009 crisis," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 22-44.
    7. Lambert, Claudia & Noth, Felix & Schüwer, Ulrich, 2017. "How do insured deposits affect bank risk? Evidence from the 2008 Emergency Economic Stabilization Act," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 81-102.
    8. Kim, Dohan & Sohn, Wook, 2017. "The effect of bank capital on lending: Does liquidity matter?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 95-107.
    9. Lin, Jyh-Horng & Tsai, Jeng-Yan & Hung, Wei-Ming, 2014. "Bank equity risk under bailout programs of loan guarantee and/or equity capital injection," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 263-274.
    10. Raluca Roman, 2015. "Shareholder activism in banking," Research Working Paper RWP 15-9, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
    11. Duchin, R. & Sosyura, D., 2012. "Safer Rations, Riskier Portfolios : Banks’ responses to Government Aid," Other publications TiSEM e67533e7-f388-4860-b65e-0, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
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    13. Carpenter, Seth & Demiralp, Selva & Eisenschmidt, Jens, 2014. "The effectiveness of non-standard monetary policy in addressing liquidity risk during the financial crisis: The experiences of the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 107-129.
    14. TRENCA Ioan & PETRIA Nicolae & LUDUSAN Emilia-Anuta, 2015. "Exploring The Relationship Between Bank Profitability And State Intervention Policies In European Banking Sector," Revista Economica, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 67(5), pages 104-115, September.
    15. Li, Lei, 2013. "TARP funds distribution and bank loan supply," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(12), pages 4777-4792.
    16. Stefano Puddu & Andreas Waelchli, 2015. "TARP Effect on Bank Lending Behaviour: Evidence from the last Financial Crisis," IRENE Working Papers 15-06, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.

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