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Credit Scoring and the Availability, Price, and Risk of Small Business Credit Author info | Abstract | Publisher info | Download info | Related research | Statistics Berger, Allen N
Frame, W Scott
Miller, Nathan H
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We find that small business credit scoring (SBCS) is associated with expanded quantities, higher average prices, and greater average risk levels for small business credits under $100,000, after controlling for bank size and other differences across banks. We also find that: 1) bank-specific and industry learning curves are important; 2) SBCS effects differ for banks that adhere to "rules" versus "discretion" in using the technology; and 3) SBCS effects differ for larger credits. The data do not support two alternative explanations of the main results under which the findings primarily represent statistical artifacts, rather than significant changes in lending behavior.
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Article provided by Blackwell Publishing in its journal Journal of Money, Credit and Banking .
Volume (Year): 37 (2005)
Issue (Month): 2 (April)
Pages: 191-222
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Handle: RePEc:mcb:jmoncb:v:37:y:2005:i:2:p:191-222Contact details of provider: Web page: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0022-2879
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Paper Allen N. Berger & W. Scott Frame & Nathan H. Miller, 2002.
"Credit scoring and the availability, price, and risk of small business credit ,"
Working Paper
2002-6, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
[Downloadable!] Allen N. Berger & W. Scott Frame & Nathan H. Miller, 2002.
"Credit scoring and the availability, price, and risk of small business credit ,"
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
2002-26, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
[Downloadable!] References listed on IDEAS Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile , click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.: Allen N. Berger & Anthony Saunders & Joseph M. Scalise & Gregory F. Udell, 1998.
"The Effects of Bank Mergers and Acquisitions on Small Business Lending ,"
New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires
98-007, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-.
Other versions:
Allen N. Berger & Anthony Saunders & Joseph M. Scalise & Gregory F. Udell, 1997.
"The Effects of Bank Mergers and Acquisitions on Small Business Lending ,"
New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires
97-1, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-.
Allen N. Berger & Anthony Saunders & Joseph M. Scalise & Gregory F. Udell, 1997.
"The effects of bank mergers and acquisitions on small business lending ,"
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
1997-28, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
[Downloadable!] Allen N. Berger & Anthony Saunders & Joseph M. Scalise & Gregory F. Udell, 1997.
"The effects of bank mergers and acquisitions on small business lending ,"
Proceedings ,
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, issue May, pages 241-255.
Berger, Allen N. & Saunders, Anthony & Scalise, Joseph M. & Udell, Gregory F., 1998.
"The effects of bank mergers and acquisitions on small business lending1 ,"
Journal of Financial Economics ,
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[Downloadable!] (restricted) D. J. Hand & W. E. Henley, 1997.
"Statistical Classification Methods in Consumer Credit Scoring: a Review ,"
Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series A ,
Royal Statistical Society, vol. 160(3), pages 523-541.
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Allen N. Berger & Loretta J. Mester, 2001.
"Explaining the Dramatic Changes in Performance of U.S. Banks: Technological Change, Deregulation and Dynamic Changes in Competition ,"
Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers
01-22, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania.
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Other versions:
Allen N. Berger & Loretta J. Mester, 2002.
"Explaining the dramatic changes in performance of U.S. banks: technological change, deregulation, and dynamic changes in competition ,"
Working Papers
01-6, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
[Downloadable!] Berger, Allen N. & Mester, Loretta J., 2003.
"Explaining the dramatic changes in performance of US banks: technological change, deregulation, and dynamic changes in competition ,"
Journal of Financial Intermediation ,
Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 57-95, January.
[Downloadable!] (restricted) Myron L. Kwast & Martha Starr-McCluer & John D. Wolken, 1997.
"Market definition and the analysis of antitrust in banking ,"
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
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Timothy H. Hannan & John M. McDowell, 1984.
"The Determinants of Technology Adoption: The Case of the Banking Firm ,"
RAND Journal of Economics ,
The RAND Corporation, vol. 15(3), pages 328-335, Autumn.
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Loretta J. Mester, 1997.
"What's the point of credit scoring? ,"
Business Review ,
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue Sep, pages 3-16.
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Mitchell A. Petersen & Raghuram G. Rajan, 2002.
"Does Distance Still Matter? The Information Revolution in Small Business Lending ,"
Journal of Finance ,
American Finance Association, vol. 57(6), pages 2533-2570, December.
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Other versions: David C. Wheelock & Paul W. Wilson, 1996.
"Technical progress, inefficiency and productivity change in U.S. banking, 1984-1993 ,"
Working Papers
1994-021, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
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Other versions:
Wheelock, David C & Wilson, Paul W, 1999.
"Technical Progress, Inefficiency, and Productivity Change in U.S. Banking, 1984-1993 ,"
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking ,
Blackwell Publishing, vol. 31(2), pages 212-34, May.
Gautam Gowrisankaran & Joanna Stavins, 1999.
"Network externalities and technology adoption: lessons from electronic payments ,"
Working Papers
99-5, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
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Jalal Akhavein & W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2001.
"The diffusion of financial innovations: an examination of the adoption of small business credit scoring by large banking organizations ,"
Working Paper
2001-9, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
[Downloadable!]
Other versions:
Jalal Akhavein & W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2001.
"The Diffusion of Financial Innovations: An Examination of The Adoption of Small Business Credit Scoring by Large Banking Organizations ,"
Center for Financial Institutions Working Papers
01-19, Wharton School Center for Financial Institutions, University of Pennsylvania.
[Downloadable!] Jalal Akhavein & W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2001.
"The Diffusion of Financial Innovations: An Examination of the Adoption of Small Business Credit Scoring By Large Banking Organizations ,"
Working Papers
01-08, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics.
[Downloadable!] Jalal Akhavein & W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2005.
"The Diffusion of Financial Innovations: An Examination of the Adoption of Small Business Credit Scoring by Large Banking Organizations ,"
Journal of Business ,
University of Chicago Press, vol. 78(2), pages 577-596, March.
[Downloadable!] Jalal Akhavein & W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2001.
"The diffusion of financial innovations: an examination of the adoption of small business credit scoring by large banking organizations ,"
Proceedings ,
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, issue May, pages 294-314.
Allen N. Berger & Gregory F. Udell, 2001.
"Small business credit availability and relationship lending: the importance of bank organizational structure ,"
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
2001-36, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
[Downloadable!]
Other versions:
Full
references Cited by : (explanations , Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile , click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)
W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2002.
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Working Paper
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Beck, Thorsten & Buyukkarabacak, Berrak & Rioja, Felix & Valev, Neven, 2008.
"Who gets the credit ? and does it matter ? household vs. firm lending across countries ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
4661, The World Bank.
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Other versions: Allen N. Berger & Marco A. Espinosa-Vega & W. Scott Frame & Nathan H. Miller, 2007.
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2006-29, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
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Berger, Allen N. & Udell, Gregory F., 2005.
"A more complete conceptual framework for financing of small and medium enterprises ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
3795, The World Bank.
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Allen N. Berger & Adrian M. Cowan & W. Scott Frame, 2009.
"The surprising use of credit scoring in small business lending by community banks and the attendant effects on credit availability and risk ,"
Working Paper
2009-09, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
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Robert Cull & Lance E. Davis & Naomi R. Lamoreaux & Jean-Laurent Rosenthal, 2005.
"Historical Financing of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises ,"
NBER Working Papers
11695, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
[Downloadable!] (restricted)
Other versions:
Cull, Robert & Davis, Lance E. & Lamoreaux, Naomi R. & Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent, 2006.
"Historical financing of small- and medium-size enterprises ,"
Journal of Banking & Finance ,
Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 3017-3042, November.
[Downloadable!] (restricted) Cosci Stefania & Meliciani Valentina, 2007.
"The role of screening and cross-selling in bank-firm relationships ,"
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Erel, Isil, 2007.
"The Effect of Bank Mergers on Loan Prices: Evidence from the U.S ,"
Working Paper Series
2006-19, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics.
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W. Scott Frame & Lawrence J. White, 2009.
"Technological change, financial innovation, and diffusion in banking ,"
Working Paper
2009-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
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Kenshi Taketa & Gregory F. Udell, 2007.
"Lending Channels and Financial Shocks: The Case of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Trade Credit and the Japanese Banking Crisis ,"
Monetary and Economic Studies ,
Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan, vol. 25(2), pages 1-44, November.
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Carol Ann Northcott, 2004.
"Competition in Banking: A Review of the Literature ,"
Working Papers
04-24, Bank of Canada.
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Jaap W.B. Bos & Ryan C.R. van Lamoen & James W. Kolari, 2009.
"Competition and Innovation: Evidence from Financial Services ,"
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09-16, Utrecht School of Economics.
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Kenneth P. Brevoort & John D. Wolken, 2008.
"Does distance matter in banking? ,"
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
2008-34, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
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Kartik Athreya & Xuan S. Tam & Eric R. Young, 2008.
"A quantitative theory of information and unsecured credit ,"
Working Paper
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Juha-Pekka Niinimäki & Tuomas Takalo, 2007.
"Benchmarking and Comparing Entrepreneurs with Incomplete Information ,"
Finnish Economic Papers ,
Finnish Economic Association, vol. 20(2), pages 91-107, Autumn.
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Kwangwoo Park & George Pennacchi, 2007.
"Harming depositors and helping borrowers: the disparate impact of bank consolidation ,"
Working Paper
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de la Torre, Augusto & Soledad Martinez Peria, Maria & Schmukler , Sergio L., 2008.
"Bank involvement with SMEs : beyond relationship lending ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
4649, The World Bank.
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Degryse, H.A. & Cerqueiro, G.M. & Ongena, S., 2007.
"Distance, Bank Organizational Structure and Credit ,"
Discussion Paper
2007-018, Tilburg University, Tilburg Law and Economic Center.
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Ramon Moreno, 2006.
"The changing nature of risks facing banks ,"
BIS Papers chapters ,
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W. Scott Frame & Lawrence White, 2002.
"Empirical Studies of Financial Innovation: Lots of Talk, Little Action? ,"
Working Papers
02-18, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics.
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Patrick Honohan, 2008.
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